Shabbos 97a

שבת צ״ז ע״א

Shabbat 97a

Learn Shabbos 97a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Hidden sins of צדיקים and related aggadot, then throwing across domains on שבת: קלוטה כמה שהונחה, the height zones, and the source of לבוד

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the argument between רבי עקיבא and רבי יהודה בן בתירא about revealing sins the Torah keeps hidden. רבי יהודה בן בתירא never received the גזירה שוה that makes צלפחד the מקושש, so for him צלפחד was one of the מעפילים. They argue the same way about whether אהרן also got צרעת, and a ברייתא supports רבי עקיבא. Several aggadic teachings follow. רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ says one who suspects innocent people is struck in his body, as משה was. Good from ה׳ comes faster than punishment. אהרן's staff swallowing the other staffs was a miracle within a miracle. The גמרא then returns to the משנה about throwing from one רשות היחיד to another through רשות הרבים. It proves that רבי עקיבא and the חכמים argue below ten טפחים about קלוטה כמה שהונחה. It then brings other views on the height zones and shows that לבוד is a הלכה למשה מסיני. The amud ends with רבי's view on throwing across a roofed private domain, and רב חנא begins to raise a difficulty that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (38)

1. ChallengeDidn't רבי עקיבא have a source for identifying צלפחד?
2. Resolutionרבי יהודה בן בתירא did not receive that גזירה שוה
3. QuestionThen what sin did צלפחד commit?
4. Responseצלפחד was one of the מעפילים
5. Statementרבי עקיבא: אהרן was also struck with צרעת
6. Challengeרבי יהודה בן בתירא: either way you will be held accountable
7. ChallengeBut the verse says 'them'!
8. Resolutionאהרן received only a rebuke
9. ProofA ברייתא supports רבי עקיבא: אהרן 'turned' from his צרעת
10. Statementריש לקיש: suspecting the innocent brings bodily punishment
11. ProofThe proof from משה at the burning bush
12. ProofThe verses behind ה׳'s answer to משה
13. ProofProof that משה was struck in his body
14. StatementGood comes faster than punishment
15. ProofProof from משה's hand being healed inside his bosom
16. Statementאהרן's staff: a miracle within a miracle
17. StatementBack to the משנה: throwing from one private domain to another
18. Questionרבה's question, first option: they argue below ten handbreadths
19. Questionרבה's question, second option: they argue above ten handbreadths
20. Proofרב המנונא proves from a ברייתא that they argue below ten
21. RejectionThe ברייתא cannot be about carrying by hand
22. ConclusionSo it is about throwing, and the dispute is whether a flying object counts as landed
23. Statementרבי אלעזר Holds רבי עקיבא Obligates Even Above Ten
24. Statementרב חלקיה בר טובי's Three Height Zones
25. ProofA ברייתא Supports רב חלקיה בר טובי
26. ChallengeDoes the ברייתא Refute רב on Throwing Between Two Houses?
27. Resolutionרב Was Talking About One High House and One Low House
28. QuestionWhere does the rule of לבוד come from?
29. ResponseA logical reason: the street can never be perfectly level
30. ChallengeThen why not exactly three as well?
31. Challengeלבוד also works in a סוכה, far from any street
32. ResolutionIn a סוכה the reason is goats getting through
33. ChallengeGoats explain gaps near the ground, not gaps up high
34. Conclusionלבוד is a tradition from סיני
35. StatementThrowing between two public domains across a private one
36. Statementרבי holds him חייב only if the private domain has a roof
37. Statementרבי would require two קרבנות
38. Challengeרב חנא sits and is bothered by a difficulty