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Sotah 25a

סוטה כ״ה ע״א

Learn Sotah 25a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Warnings (התראה and קינוי) in the סוטה laws: whether an עוברת על דת needs a warning to lose her כתובה, and whether and when a husband can cancel his קינוי.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing an earlier point: שמואל shows his view about a יבמה works even according to רבי יאשיה. Then the גמרא asks whether an עוברת על דת needs a warning before she loses her כתובה. Several proofs from our משנה are pushed off. רב חנינא מסורא's proof from the court's warning is accepted: a warning is needed. Next the גמרא asks whether a husband may keep such a wife if he wants to. Its proof is pushed off. It then asks whether a husband can cancel his קינוי, and after two rejected proofs, רבי יאשיה's report from זעירא shows that he can. רב אחא and רבינא argue whether cancelling works even after סתירה. The גמרא proves from the רבנן's answer to רבי יוסי that after סתירה it does not. Finally the גמרא turns to the משנה about husbands who died before their wives drank, and begins explaining בית שמאי's reasoning: a document that stands to be collected counts as already collected.

Opening lines

וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר:

And Shmuel could say:

אֲנָא דַּאֲמַרִי — אֲפִילּוּ לְרַבִּי יֹאשִׁיָּה.

What I said holds even according to Rabbi Yoshiya.

מִדְּאִיצְטְרִיךְ קְרָא לְרַבּוֹיַהּ —

Since the verse was needed to include her,

מִכְּלָל דְּלָאו אִשְׁתּוֹ הִיא כְּלָל.

that shows she is not his wife at all.

The steps (32)

  1. Resolutionשמואל's view works even according to רבי יאשיה
  2. QuestionDoes a woman who breaks modesty rules need a warning to lose her כתובה?
  3. ProofAttempted proof from the משנה about an ארוסה and שומרת יבם
  4. Rejectionאביי: the warning makes her forbidden to him
  5. Rejectionרב פפא: the warning lets her drink after the marriage
  6. ProofProof from women in forbidden marriages who can still be warned
  7. RejectionThe warning forbids her to the other man
  8. ProofProof from the court's warning, which is only about the כתובה
  9. ConclusionThe proof is accepted
  10. QuestionWhy did the others not use this proof?
  11. ResponseThat case may be special: she does not fear her husband
  12. QuestionMay a husband keep a wife who breaks the religious standard?
  13. ProofProof from the court warning in the husband's place
  14. RejectionNormally a husband would want her warned
  15. QuestionCan a husband cancel his warning?
  16. ProofProof from the court warning on the husband's behalf
  17. RejectionPeople normally agree with the court
  18. ProofProof from the two scholars sent along
  19. RejectionScholars are sent so they can guide him
  20. Proofזעירא's three teachings: the warning can be cancelled
  21. ProofThe southern colleagues agreed on two of the three teachings
  22. ConclusionConclusion: the husband's cancellation works
  23. Statementרב אחא and רבינא argue about cancelling after seclusion
  24. StatementThe גמרא favors the view that cancelling after seclusion does not work
  25. QuestionHow do we know?
  26. Responseרבי יוסי says the husband can be trusted with his wife
  27. RejectionThe רבנן answer: a סוטה has no way to become permitted
  28. ProofWhy the רבנן's answer proves cancelling fails after seclusion
  29. ConclusionConclusion: after seclusion the warning cannot be cancelled
  30. StatementNew line in the משנה: the husbands died before the women drank
  31. QuestionWhat is the root of their disagreement?
  32. Responseבית שמאי: a document ready to be collected counts as already collected