Succah 39a

סוכה ל״ט ע״א

Sukkah 39a

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Topic

Pausing within phrases (ברוך הבא, יהא שמיה רבא), customs and the ברכה for הלל with the rule of עובר לעשייתן, and buying a לולב and אתרוג during שביעית without giving holy money to an עם הארץ.

Overview

This amud finishes the discussion about pausing in the middle of a phrase. רבא says not to split 'יהא שמיה רבא' from 'מברך' in קדיש, and רב ספרא rejects him: the completing word makes the meaning clear either way. The גמרא then explains two lines of the משנה about הלל. For repeating verses, a ברייתא says רבי repeated verses and רבי אלעזר בן פרטא added more, which אביי explains as repeating from 'אודך' onward. For the ברכה, אביי says custom decides only the ברכה after הלל. The ברכה before it is a real מצוה, based on שמואל's rule that every מצוה is blessed 'עובר לעשייתן', and three פסוקים prove that 'עובר' means 'before'. A new משנה then teaches that during שביעית a buyer pays for the לולב and gets the אתרוג as a gift. The גמרא explains that if the seller refuses, the אתרוג's price is hidden in the לולב's price. The reason is that holy שביעית money may not be handed to an עם הארץ beyond three meals' worth. The ברייתא's fix for money already handed over continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. Rejectionרב ספרא rejects the earlier rule about pausing in ברוך הבא
2. Statementרבא: say 'יהא שמיה רבא מברך' together
3. Rejectionרב ספרא rejects רבא again for the same reason
4. StatementRepeating and adding verses in הלל
5. QuestionWhat did רבי אלעזר בן פרטא add?
6. Responseאביי: he repeated from 'אודך' onward
7. Statementאביי: the ברכה before הלל is required
8. Proofשמואל: every מצוה gets a blessing before it is done
9. QuestionHow do we know 'over' means 'before'?
10. ResponseProof from אחימעץ overtaking the כושי
11. Responseאביי's proof from יעקב passing before his family
12. ResponseA third proof from the king passing before them
13. StatementNew משנה: buying a לולב during שביעית
14. QuestionWhat if the seller refuses to give the אתרוג as a gift?
15. Responseרב הונא: hide the אתרוג's price inside the לולב's price
16. ChallengeWhy not just pay for the אתרוג openly?
17. Resolutionשביעית money may not be handed to an עם הארץ
18. Proofברייתא source: limits on giving שביעית money, and how to fix it