Succah 40b

סוכה מ׳ ע״ב

Sukkah 40b

Learn Succah 40b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Succah 40b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Permitted uses of שביעית produce (the רבי יוסי vs. רבנן dispute), and how the sanctity of שביעית produce is transferred: through מקח only, or also through חילול

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a dispute about how שביעית produce may be used. רבי יוסי explains that 'לכם' includes laundering, which every person needs, while 'לאכלה' excludes a remedy, which only the sick need. The גמרא then shows that a ברייתא forbidding only remedy, sprinkling, and emetic follows רבי יוסי, since the רבנן would also have listed soaking and laundering. Next, רבי אלעזר and רבי יוחנן disagree: does the holiness of שביעית produce transfer only through a purchase (מקח), or also through redemption (חילול)? Each brings a verse, and the גמרא explains what each one learns from the other's verse. A ברייתא supports רבי אלעזר: the holiness spreads to whatever is bought with the produce, while the produce itself stays holy. Because it keeps saying 'לקח' (he bought), it shows that purchase works and redemption does not. A second ברייתא supports רבי יוחנן, saying שביעית and מעשר שני produce can be redeemed (מתחללין) onto animals, with רבי מאיר and the חכמים disagreeing about live animals. רבא then begins to explain that dispute, and his statement continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. Resolutionרבי יוסי explains which uses the verse includes and which it excludes
2. QuestionWho is the author of the ברייתא about food, remedy, sprinkling, and emetic?
3. ResponseThe ברייתא follows רבי יוסי, because it leaves out soaking and laundering
4. Statementרבי אלעזר and רבי יוחנן disagree on how שביעית sanctity is transferred
5. Responseרבי אלעזר's source: the יובל verse placed next to 'when you sell'
6. Responseרבי יוחנן's source: יובל is called 'קודש', like הקדש
7. QuestionWhat does רבי יוחנן do with the 'selling' verse?
8. Responseרבי יוחנן uses it for the lesson of רבי יוסי בר חנינא
9. QuestionWhat does רבי אלעזר do with רבי יוחנן's verse?
10. Responseרבי אלעזר learns from it that holiness passes to the money
11. ProofThere are ברייתות supporting each side
12. ProofThe ברייתא supporting רבי אלעזר: the money becomes forbidden
13. ChallengeMaybe the produce itself should become ordinary, like redeemed הקדש
14. Resolution'It shall be': the produce stays holy
15. ProofThe chain of purchases with שביעית money
16. ConclusionSummary rule: the last item is holy, and the original produce stays forbidden
17. ProofThe word 'bought' shows purchase works but redemption does not
18. ProofA ברייתא supporting רבי יוחנן: שביעית can be redeemed onto animals
19. Statementרבא begins to explain the scope of the dispute