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Taanis 14a

תענית י״ד ע״א

Taanit 14a

Learn Taanis 14a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Taanis 14a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Completeness of the משנה's fast-day list, where to say עננו, pregnant and nursing women on fasts, and what הַתְרָעָה means

Overview

The גמרא first asks whether the משנה's list for the last seven fasts leaves anything out. It shows that the תיבה and the twenty-four blessings are not real omissions, because the תנא teaches them in the next פרק. Then it asks where an individual adds עננו in the עמידה, and rules that it goes in שומע תפילה. Next, three ברייתות disagree about whether pregnant and nursing women fast. רב אשי settles this by saying they fast only on the middle three fasts. The גמרא then asks what 'sounding the alarm' (מתריעין) on the last seven fasts means. One opinion says it means שופרות, and another says it means the prayer עננו. In the end, everyone agrees that שופרות count, and the argument is only whether עננו is also called הַתְרָעָה. A משנה about sounding the alarm on שבת shows that some תנא does call prayer הַתְרָעָה. The amud ends by starting a story about a time of trouble in the days of רבי יהודה נשיאה, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

וְהָא שַׁיַּיר תֵּיבָה!

But he left out the ark!

אִי מִשּׁוּם תֵּיבָה — לָאו שִׁיּוּרָא הוּא.

If it is because of the ark, that is not an omission.

מִילֵּי דְצִינְעָא — קָתָנֵי,

He teaches matters done in private,

מִילֵּי דִבְפַרְהֶסְיָא — לָא קָתָנֵי.

he does not teach matters done in public.

The steps (26)

  1. ChallengeThe ark was left out too
  2. RejectionPublic matters are not listed here
  3. Proofרב אשי: the משנה's wording supports this
  4. ProofBlocking the 'he just left it out' reply
  5. ChallengeIs 'מה אלו' really exact?
  6. ResolutionThe ark is taught in another chapter
  7. ConclusionThe twenty-four blessings are not an omission either
  8. QuestionWhat is the final ruling?
  9. ResponseFirst view: between גואל and רופא
  10. ResponseSecond view: in שומע תפילה
  11. ConclusionThe הלכה: in שומע תפילה
  12. ChallengeThree teachings disagree about pregnant and nursing women
  13. Resolutionרב אשי: they fast on the middle fasts
  14. StatementThe משנה: on the last seven fasts they sound the alarm and close the shops
  15. QuestionWhat do they sound the alarm with?
  16. Responseרב יהודה: with שופרות
  17. ResponseIn the name of רב: with עננו
  18. StatementFirst assumption: each side rejects the other
  19. ChallengeChallenge from יריחו: the alarm was with שופרות
  20. ResolutionThe argument is only about עננו, not about שופרות
  21. StatementWhat follows: עננו is the stronger response
  22. ChallengeA ברייתא treats crying out as lesser than sounding the alarm
  23. ResolutionThe question is an argument among the תנאים
  24. QuestionWith what did they sound the alarm on שבת?
  25. ProofSo it must be עננו, and the משנה still calls it הַתְרָעָה
  26. StatementA time of trouble in the days of רבי יהודה נשיאה