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Temurah 17a

תמורה י״ז ע״א

Learn Temurah 17a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Mistaken substitution (שוגג in תמורה), animals that cannot become holy or make a תמורה, and whether a consecrated טריפה gets קדושת הגוף.

Overview

The amud finishes the משנה's list of ways תמורה differs from regular הקדש. רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה says a mistaken (שוגג) substitution still counts, and the גמרא finds the source in the words "יהיה קדש". Then several אמוראים (חזקיה, ריש לקיש and רבי יוחנן, and רב ששת) each describe a different kind of mistake that the rule covers. Next, שמואל explains רבי אלעזר's rule that כלאים, טריפה, יוצא דופן, טומטום and אנדרוגינוס neither become holy nor make a תמורה. רבי מאיר shows when such animals could ever be holy in the first place. רב פפא and רבא try several times to explain why these animals are like a בהמה טמאה and not like a בעל מום. Finally, שמואל rules that a consecrated טריפה stays holy until it dies, while רבי אושעיא says it is only like consecrated wood and stones. The גמרא then challenges שמואל from a משנה and from רבי מאיר's ברייתא.

Opening lines

לִיגָּזֵז וְלֵיעָבֵד.

to be sheared and to be worked.

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר:

Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says:

עָשָׂה שׁוֹגֵג כְּמֵזִיד בַּתְּמוּרָה,

It made one acting by mistake like one acting on purpose with substitution,

וְלֹא עָשָׂה שׁוֹגֵג כְּמֵזִיד בַּמּוּקְדָּשִׁין.

but it did not make one acting by mistake like one acting on purpose with consecrated items.

The steps (36)

  1. StatementEnd of the משנה's clause: the substitute is never released for shearing and work
  2. StatementMistaken substitution counts, but mistaken consecration does not
  3. StatementFive kinds of animals that cannot become holy or make a substitute
  4. QuestionWhat is the source for counting a mistaken substitution?
  5. ResponseThe extra words "יהיה קדש" include a mistaken substitution
  6. QuestionWhat kind of mistake is meant?
  7. Responseחזקיה: he thought substituting was allowed
  8. ResponseAnother version of חזקיה: the substitute becomes holy
  9. Responseריש לקיש and רבי יוחנן: meant to say עולה but said שלמים
  10. ResponseAnother version of ריש לקיש and רבי יוחנן: the substitute becomes holy
  11. ResponseAnother version: meant to say black but said white
  12. Responseרבי יוחנן: 'Let this one go out and that one come in'
  13. Responseרב ששת: planning on purpose, acting absentmindedly
  14. Statementשמואל explains רבי אלעזר's rule
  15. Challengeרבי מאיר asks how such animals could make anything holy
  16. ResolutionHoliness that came first: טריפה and יוצא דופן
  17. Resolutionכלאים, טומטום, אנדרוגינוס: only as holy offspring
  18. Questionרב פפא asks for רבי אלעזר's reason
  19. ResponseLike a non-kosher animal
  20. ChallengeWhy not compare them to a blemished animal?
  21. ResolutionA blemished animal's kind is offered
  22. ChallengeBut a טריפה's kind is also offered
  23. ResolutionDefect in the body vs. something missing
  24. ChallengeSome blemishes are also defects of the body
  25. ResolutionNothing of its kind is ever offered
  26. ResolutionA טריפה is like a non-kosher animal because both are forbidden to eat
  27. Statementשמואל: a consecrated טריפה needs a permanent blemish to be redeemed
  28. ChallengeWould that mean redeeming sacred animals to feed to dogs?
  29. Resolutionשמואל rephrased: the sanctity lasts until the animal dies
  30. Statementרבי אושעיא: consecrating a טריפה is like consecrating wood and stones
  31. ChallengeA משנה suggests a טריפה from the start can be redeemed
  32. ResolutionThis תנא holds that an animal unfit from the start never gets body-sanctity
  33. Statementרבי אלעזר's ruling about unusual animals
  34. Statementשמואל explains רבי אלעזר as talking about substitution
  35. Statementרבי מאיר limits the case to an animal that became a טריפה later
  36. ChallengeSo an animal that was a טריפה from the start gets no inherent holiness