Temurah 17b

תמורה י״ז ע״ב

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Topic

The offspring and תמורה of שלמים: their status, their sources in the פסוקים, and their limits.

Overview

This amud begins by finishing a defense of שמואל: the תנא brought against him may rely on the rule that an animal unfit for the מזבח cannot get קדושת הגוף, so he is no proof against שמואל. Then פרק יש בקרבנות ends, and פרק אלו קדשים begins. Its משנה teaches that the offspring and the תמורה of שלמים, for all generations, are full שלמים. The גמרא explains that 'until the end of the world' is aimed against רבי אלעזר. A ברייתא learns the rule from 'זכר' and 'נקבה' in the פסוק, and from 'אם זכר' and 'אם נקבה' for animals that come from blemished ones. אביי defends this matching against רב ספרא's challenges. שמואל and בר פדא then argue whether the offspring of a blemished שלמים is actually offered or only left to graze. Another ברייתא learns the rule from 'רק קדשיך… תשא ובאת', and the גמרא examines its lines. The amud ends by asking which offspring the word 'רק' could possibly exclude. That question continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (31)

1. Resolutionשמואל could say this תנא follows a different principle
2. Conclusionהדרן — Closing the chapter יש בקרבנות
3. StatementOffspring and substitutes of peace offerings are peace offerings forever
4. ChallengeWhy add 'until the end of the world'?
5. ResolutionThe extra words answer רבי אלעזר
6. QuestionAsking for the source of the rule
7. ResponseThe word 'male' includes the offspring
8. ChallengeWhy not learn it from a קל וחומר?
9. RejectionThe קל וחומר is knocked down
10. Conclusion'Male' teaches offspring, 'female' teaches תמורה
11. QuestionWhat about animals that come from blemished ones?
12. Response'If male' and 'if female' include the blemished cases
13. Challengeרב ספרא asks why we cannot reverse the derivation
14. Resolutionאביי: the same word should teach about the same kind of animal
15. Challengeרב ספרא clarifies: reverse the whole verse
16. Resolutionאביי: the words themselves are masculine and feminine
17. QuestionWhat practical law is being taught?
18. Responseשמואל: it is actually offered, following רבי אלעזר
19. ResolutionWhy the ברייתא still needed to teach this
20. ResponseA second answer: the offspring is left to graze
21. StatementAnother תנא learns the law from a פסוק in דברים
22. QuestionMaybe bringing them in is enough, even if they just die there
23. ResponseThey are treated like a real עולה or שלמים
24. QuestionDoes this apply to every kind of קרבן?
25. ResponseThe word 'רק' limits the rule
26. Statementרבי עקיבא: 'אשם הוא' already teaches it
27. StatementQuoting the ברייתא again: 'bring it to the בית הבחירה'?
28. ChallengeWhy would anyone think they are left to die?
29. ResolutionMaybe they die, but only in the בית הבחירה
30. StatementQuoting the line: Are all sacred animals the same?
31. ChallengeWhose offspring could be excluded?