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Temurah 29a

תמורה כ״ט ע״א

Learn Temurah 29a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

מוקצה and נעבד animals: their source, when the status ends, and why they are permitted to eat; טרפה on the מזבח; and the definition of אתנן

Overview

This amud begins at the end of a list of normally forbidden things that were used in גדעון's sacrifice, among them מוקצה (an animal set aside for עבודה זרה) and נעבד (an animal that was itself worshipped). רבי יאשיה learns the rule of מוקצה from "תשמרו להקריב לי": an animal kept "for Me," and not for another master. Several opinions then explain how long an animal stays מוקצה. It is forbidden only until it is used for work, or handed to the idol's priests and fed their vetch, or sheared and worked. רב פפא then proves from "ממשקה ישראל" that מוקצה and נעבד animals are permitted to eat, since otherwise no פסוק would be needed to keep them off the מזבח. The גמרא challenges this from טרפה. It answers that each טרפה פסוק covers a different case: an animal that became a טרפה after it was made holy, and one that became a טרפה after it was born. A new משנה then defines אתנן, payment to a זונה, including a מחלוקת between רבי מאיר and חכמים. The גמרא explains why even a hundred lambs are forbidden, and then discusses a ברייתא about payment given at a different time from the act. רבי אלעזר's answer about why an early payment does not become אתנן backward in time continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

וּכְלִי שָׁרֵת,

And service vessels,

וּכְלִי אֲשֵׁירָה, וַעֲצֵי אֲשֵׁירָה,

and vessels of an asheira, and wood of an asheira,

וּמוּקְצֶה, וְנֶעֱבָד.

and a set-aside animal, and a worshipped animal.

אָמַר רַב טוֹבִי בַּר מַתְנָה,

Rav Tovi bar Mattana said,

The steps (27)

  1. StatementEnd of the list: service vessels, אשירה vessels and wood, set-aside and worshipped animals
  2. StatementThe Torah source for the set-aside animal
  3. Challengeאביי: a neglected weak lamb would then be disqualified
  4. ResolutionThe key word is "to Me": not to another master, meaning idolatry
  5. Statementרב יצחק: set-aside status lasts until it is used for work
  6. Statementרבי יוחנן: until it is handed over to the idol's priests
  7. Statementבהא's version: forbidden only until it is fed the idol's vetch
  8. QuestionDoes Baha disagree with עולא?
  9. ResponseNo argument: עולא meant the same case
  10. Statementרבי אבא credits ארץ ישראל for בהא's wisdom
  11. Rejectionרב יצחק: בהא learned in both places
  12. Statementרב חנניא טריטאה: forbidden only until it is sheared and worked
  13. QuestionThe worshipped animal: what is the source?
  14. ResponseThe source from ״ממשקה ישראל״ shows these animals are permitted to eat
  15. ChallengeBut a טרפה is forbidden to eat and still needs a פסוק
  16. ProofThe ברייתא that excludes a טרפה from the מזבח
  17. ResolutionThe פסוק was needed for an animal that became a טרפה after it was made holy
  18. ChallengeAnother verse already excludes a טרפה
  19. ResolutionBoth verses are needed for different kinds of טרפה
  20. StatementThe משנה defines אתנן
  21. QuestionWhat case does 'a hundred' describe?
  22. RejectionIf she was paid a hundred animals, that is obvious
  23. ResponseShe agreed to one lamb but he gave a hundred
  24. StatementPayment without the act, or the act without payment
  25. ChallengeThe wording of the ברייתא does not make sense
  26. ResolutionPayment given before or after the act, at a different time
  27. ChallengeWhy doesn't an early payment become אתנן backward in time?