Yevamos 102a

יבמות ק״ב ע״א

Yevamot 102a

Learn Yevamos 102a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yevamos 102a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Who may judge a חליצה, which shoe is used for חליצה, and what exactly counts as removing it.

Overview

The amud opens with who may serve as a judge. By תורה law a גר may judge a fellow גר. One whose mother is a born Jew may judge anyone. For חליצה, both parents must be born Jews. Next come two reports in רב's name: even אליהו could not cancel the people's custom of doing חליצה with a סנדל. The reports differ on whether a soft מנעל may be used לכתחילה, and the גמרא shows this is an older dispute among תנאים. The view that forbids a מנעל לכתחילה is explained as a rabbinic decree, out of concern for a torn shoe or a half shoe. רב then prefers a tight sandal, and an extra strap is tied on so the חליצה is done in the best way. רב rules that once most of the heel is out, the יבמה is free, and the גמרא shows that a ברייתא about 'most of the foot' means the same thing. That ברייתא also supports רבי ינאי: the woman must both untie and remove the shoe herself. The amud ends with questions about tearing or burning the shoe and about two shoes worn one over the other, which turn on whether חליצה means removing the shoe or uncovering the foot.

Opening lines

The steps (30)

1. StatementA convert may judge a fellow convert
2. StatementA convert with a Jewish mother may judge anyone
3. StatementFor חליצה, both parents must be born Jews
4. StatementIf אליהו permits a soft shoe, we listen; but the sandal stays
5. StatementA different report: if אליהו forbids the soft shoe, we listen
6. QuestionWhat is the difference between the two versions?
7. ResponseThe difference: using a soft leather shoe from the start
8. ChallengeChallenge from the משנה's wording 'she did חליצה'
9. ResolutionThe משנה's wording just matches its next clause
10. StatementThis question is already a dispute among תנאים
11. Proofרבי יוסי's visit to נציבין begins
12. ProofThe elder says a soft shoe is never used for חליצה
13. Challengeרבי יוסי asks how רבי מאיר could call it valid
14. Statementרבי יעקב: רבי מאיר allowed a soft shoe even from the start
15. QuestionWhy would anyone forbid a soft shoe from the start?
16. ResponseA first try: the straps sit on top of the shoe
17. RejectionThat reason would forbid it even after the fact
18. ResponseThe real reason: a decree because of a torn shoe
19. ResponseAnother reason for the decree: a half shoe
20. Statementרב would prefer a tight Arab sandal
21. StatementTying an extra strap on our sandal
22. StatementThe יבמה is free once most of the heel is out
23. ChallengeA ברייתא about most of the foot
24. ChallengeReading the ברייתא closely to challenge רב
25. ResolutionMost of the foot means most of the heel
26. ProofThe ברייתא supports רבי ינאי
27. QuestionWhat if she tears or burns the shoe?
28. QuestionTwo shoes, one on top of the other
29. QuestionRemoving only the outer shoe obviously fails
30. ResponseThe real case: inner shoe off, torn outer shoe still on