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Yevamos 108a

יבמות ק״ח ע״א

Yevamot 108a

Learn Yevamos 108a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yevamos 108a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

מיאון: how it is done and written, how strong a minor's marriage is, and how מיאון differs from a גט

Overview

The amud begins by finishing the rule for writing a שטר מיאון: keep it short so it is never mistaken for a גט. A ברייתא then defines which words count as מיאון, and רבי יהודה and רבי יוסי בר יהודה widen it to more and more surprising situations. The גמרא rules like רבי חנינא בן אנטיגנוס and brings רבי יהודה בן בתירה's teaching that a girl's marriage or betrothal to another man is itself her מיאון. After a chain of questions and the story of אבדן's daughters-in-law, the הלכה follows him, even if she had been fully married to the first husband. Next, שמואל praises רבי אלעזר for treating a minor's marriage consistently. In a ברייתא, רבי אליעזר and רבי יהושע give opposite pictures of such a marriage, and רבי prefers רבי אליעזר. The גמרא then defines רבי אליעזר בן יעקב's 'obstruction from the man' in two ways. Finally, a new משנה contrasts מיאון with a גט and teaches that the way she left him last decides whether she may return to him.

Opening lines

אָתֵי לְאִיחַלּוֹפֵי בְּגִיטָּא.

It may come to be confused with a bill of divorce.

תַּקִּינוּ הָכִי:

They decreed as follows:

״בְּיוֹם פְּלוֹנִי מֵיאֲנָה פְּלוֹנִית

'On such-and-such a day, so-and-so refused,

בַּת פְּלוֹנִי בְּאַנְפַּנָא״.

the daughter of so-and-so, in our presence.'

The steps (34)

  1. ConclusionKeep the refusal document short so it is not mistaken for a divorce
  2. StatementWhat words count as a refusal
  3. StatementRefusing even on the way to the wedding
  4. StatementRefusing even while serving guests in his house
  5. StatementRefusing even while running his errand
  6. StatementThe הלכה follows רבי חנינא בן אנטיגנוס
  7. StatementHer marriage to someone else is her refusal
  8. QuestionWhat if she only got betrothed to the second man?
  9. ResponseA ברייתא says her betrothal is her refusal
  10. QuestionA chain of questions about the רבנן and the final ruling
  11. Responseשמואל rules like רבי יהודה בן בתירה
  12. ProofThe word 'הלכה' shows that the רבנן disagree
  13. QuestionWas she fully married or only betrothed to the first husband?
  14. ProofThe story of אבדן's daughters-in-law
  15. Proofרבי calls it the greatest refusal, and the גמרא tries to prove they were married
  16. RejectionNo, they were only betrothed
  17. ConclusionThe הלכה follows רבי יהודה בן בתירה, even after full marriage
  18. Statementשמואל praises רבי אלעזר for being consistent about a minor girl
  19. StatementHow far רבי אלעזר took his view: she can eat תרומה that evening
  20. Statementרבי אליעזר: a minor girl is not his wife at all, except that she needs refusal
  21. Statementרבי יהושע: a minor girl is fully his wife, except that she can leave by refusal
  22. Statementרבי prefers רבי אליעזר's view because it is consistent
  23. QuestionIn what way is רבי יהושע inconsistent?
  24. ResponseIf she is fully his wife, she should need a גט
  25. ChallengeIsn't רבי אליעזר inconsistent too?
  26. ResolutionShe cannot leave with no act at all
  27. QuestionWhat counts as an 'obstruction from the man'?
  28. Responseשמואל: it depends on why she turns down a proposal
  29. ResponseA second definition: a גט versus מיאון
  30. ChallengeThe next משנה already teaches the difference between גט and מיאון
  31. ResolutionThe next משנה is explaining this one
  32. StatementNew משנה: מיאון leaves no marriage ties, but a גט does
  33. StatementFirst a גט, then a מיאון: she may go back to him
  34. StatementFirst a מיאון, then a גט: she may not go back to him