Yevamos 34a

יבמות ל״ד ע״א

Yevamot 34a

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Topic

Which תנא holds that one איסור can take effect on another (רבי מאיר or רבי שמעון), טעה בדבר מצוה, and why the women in the משנה are separated.

Overview

The גמרא asks which תנא holds that a new איסור can take effect on top of an old one in all three ways: איסור כולל, איסור מוסיף, and איסור בת אחת. רב says it is רבי מאיר, and proves it from a ברייתא about one bite that brings four חטאות and one אשם, with רבי מאיר adding שבת. The גמרא then asks whose view רבי מאיר follows on someone who sinned by mistake while doing a מצוה. One answer is רבי אליעזר. The other is that רבי יהושע exempts only a person who was rushed for time, as with מילה or תרומה on ערב פסח. A second answer to the opening question says the משנה can follow רבי שמעון if all the איסורים began at the same moment. רב explains that even נדה can start at that moment, if the women were bleeding through the birthdays when the men and women became adults. Next the גמרא asks why the women are separated, if a woman cannot conceive from her first act, and answers that the couples had relations twice. It then explains that רבי חייא's sixteen חטאות count only the first act. The amud ends as רבא begins a challenge to רב נחמן, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. QuestionWho holds that all three kinds of piled-up prohibitions take effect?
2. ResponseThe answer: it is רבי מאיר
3. ProofOne bite, four sin-offerings and one guilt-offering
4. Statementרבי מאיר adds carrying on שבת
5. RejectionThe חכמים: carrying is a different kind of sin
6. QuestionWhose view on erring in a מצוה does רבי מאיר follow?
7. Responseרבי מאיר follows רבי אליעזר
8. ResolutionEven רבי יהושע could agree, because his exemption is only for someone who is rushed
9. ChallengeChallenge from תרומה, where nobody is rushed and רבי יהושע still exempts
10. ResolutionThe תרומה case is on ערב פסח, when he really is rushed
11. ResponseThe משנה can also follow רבי שמעון through simultaneous prohibitions
12. ChallengeHow could the נדה prohibition start at the same moment?
13. Resolutionרב times the נדה status to the moment of adulthood
14. ChallengeWhy separate them if a woman cannot conceive from her first time?
15. ResolutionThey had relations twice
16. Challengeרבי חייא counted only sixteen חטאות
17. Resolutionרבי חייא was only counting the first act
18. Challengeרבא turns to רב נחמן