Yoma 3b

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Learn Yoma 3b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Why the כהן גדול's separation before יום הכפורים is learned from the מילואים, and רבי יוחנן and ריש לקיש on its source (the מילואים or סיני).

Overview

The גמרא is explaining why the seven-day separation of the כהן גדול is learned from the מילואים only for יום הכפורים. Its first reason is that in both cases the כהן brings his bull from his own property. It then asks how this works for the view that "קח לך" means community property. It quotes the ברייתא of רבי יאשיה and רבי יונתן, along with אבא חנן. The answer is that the dispute covers only ordinary cases. For the מילואים and יום הכפורים, the verses make clear that the bull is the כהן's own. רב אשי and רבינא then give other reasons the comparison fits only יום הכפורים: the matching offerings, the service of the כהן גדול, and a 'first service in a place'. Next, רב דימי reports that רבי יוחנן learns only יום הכפורים from the מילואים verse, while רבי יהושע בן לוי also learns the פרה אדומה, and the גמרא defends רבי יוחנן's view against two challenges. Finally, ריש לקיש argues that the source cannot be the מילואים, since then every detail would be essential. He learns six days of separation from סיני instead, and explains the משנה's seven days as following רבי יהודה בן בתירא, whose concern is explained on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. ChallengeWhat about the opinion that 'take for you' means community property?
2. ProofThe ברייתא: רבי יאשיה's view
3. Statementרבי יונתן: both mean community property
4. Statementאבא חנן: the two verses about the ארון
5. ResolutionThe dispute is only about ordinary cases
6. ProofProof from the wording of the inauguration commands
7. ProofProof that on יום הכפורים the bull comes from the כהן גדול's own property
8. Resolutionרב אשי: both days have a bull for a sin-offering and a ram for a burnt-offering
9. Resolutionרבינא: both are services done only by the כהן גדול
10. StatementAnother version of רבינא: a first service from a first service
11. QuestionWhat does 'first' mean?
12. RejectionIt cannot mean 'first' as in done by the כהן גדול
13. Response'First' means the first service in a special place
14. Statementרב דימי reports how many cases each אמורא learns from the מילואים
15. ChallengeChallenge from the משנה that mentions separation before the heifer too
16. ResolutionThe heifer separation is only an extra stringency
17. ChallengeChallenge from a teaching in רבי יוחנן's own name
18. ResolutionThat teaching was his teacher's view
19. Proofרבין's report proves it came from רבי ישמעאל
20. Challengeריש לקיש: then every detail should be required
21. ChallengeThe backup priest is never separated
22. Rejection'Prepare' cannot mean 'separate'
23. Questionרבי יוחנן asks for ריש לקיש's source
24. ResponseThe source is סיני: six days of separation
25. ChallengeBut the משנה says seven days
26. ResolutionThe משנה follows רבי יהודה בן בתירא