Gemara Clarity

Yoma 41a

יומא מ״א ע״א

Learn Yoma 41a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yoma 41a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The גורל for the goats of יום הכיפורים, and רב חסדא's rule on when the birds of a קן are designated, with two challenges

Overview

This עמוד first finishes an earlier argument. An anonymous ספרא follows רבי יהודה, and it says only the גורל makes the goat a חטאת. So for רבי יהודה the הגרלה is indispensable, and the opposing view is refuted. Next, רב חסדא rules that the two birds of a קן get their roles only at the owner's taking (לקיחה) or at the כהן's offering (עשייה), and רב שימי בר אשי gives the פסוקים behind this. The גמרא challenges רב חסדא from the ברייתא about the גורל, which seems to picture naming at the time of the lottery. רבא answers that the ברייתא only imagined naming at לקיחה or עשייה. A second challenge comes from a poor מטמא מקדש who became rich and then divided his money. רב ששת answers that, according to רבי הושעיא, the division must have happened while he was still poor, at the setting aside, which counts as לקיחה. The גמרא then asks about the opposing view of רבי יאשיה, and that question continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

סְתָם סִיפְרָא מַנִּי — רַבִּי יְהוּדָה,

Who is the author of an anonymous Sifra? Rabbi Yehuda,

וְקָא תָנֵי:

and it teaches:

הַגּוֹרָל עוֹשֶׂה חַטָּאת,

The lottery makes it a sin-offering,

וְאֵין הַשֵּׁם עוֹשֶׂה חַטָּאת.

but the naming does not make it a sin-offering.

The steps (14)

  1. ProofThe anonymous ספרא is רבי יהודה, so for him the lottery is indispensable
  2. ConclusionThe view that the lottery is not indispensable is refuted
  3. Statementרב חסדא: bird pairs are designated only at taking or at offering
  4. StatementThe verses behind רב חסדא's rule
  5. ChallengeChallenge to רב חסדא from the lottery ברייתא
  6. ChallengeThe ברייתא's קל וחומר and the verse that rejects it
  7. ChallengeWhy the ברייתא contradicts רב חסדא
  8. Resolutionרבא rereads the ברייתא
  9. Resolutionרבא finishes his reading: only the lottery makes a sin-offering
  10. ChallengeA new source: the poor person who became rich
  11. ChallengeThe naming here fixed the money outside the allowed times
  12. Rejectionרב ששת questions how the ברייתא was read
  13. ResolutionThe division happened while he was still poor, at the setting aside
  14. ChallengeWhat about the opinion that a rich man does fulfill his obligation?