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Yoma 41b

יומא מ״א ע״ב

Learn Yoma 41b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Yoma 41b: Bird offerings that become fixed by purchase, a rich person bringing a poor person's offering, and the red wool strips of the יום כפור goats and the פרה אדומה.

Overview

The amud opens by defending רב חסדא's rule that bird offerings become fixed as חטאת or עולה only when the owner buys them. The גמרא changes the ברייתא's wording to 'he took and said.' It then rejects the idea that he redeemed a bird, because a bird offering cannot be redeemed. רב פפא explains that he bought only one of the two birds. Next, the גמרא returns to the dispute over whether a rich person who made the מקדש impure fulfills his obligation by bringing a poor person's offering. It shows from the verses ״תורת״, ״זאת״ and ״ואם דל הוא״ that the strict rule applies only to a מצורע. A new משנה then describes tying a red wool strip on the שעיר המשתלח and the כהן גדול's second וידוי over his פר. The גמרא proves from רב יוסף's ברייתא that the slaughtered goat also gets a strip, so the goats are never mixed up. Finally, the גמרא discusses the red strips of the פרה אדומה and the שעיר המשתלח: which one needs a minimum size, whether the strip needs weight, and what happens if the flame catches it early. The amud ends with three strips and three weights, and רבין's explanation of which weight goes with which strip continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

מַאי אִיכָּא לְמֵימַר?

What can be said?

לָא תֵּימָא: וְאַחַר כָּךְ אָמַר,

Do not say: 'and afterward he said,'

אֶלָּא אֵימָא: וְאַחַר כָּךְ לָקַח וְאָמַר.

rather say: 'and afterward he took (bought) and said.'

לָקַח, מוֹסִיף וּמֵבִיא חוֹבָתוֹ

If he took (bought), then 'he adds and brings his obligation'

The steps (32)

  1. ChallengeAccording to the other version, how do we answer the ברייתא?
  2. ResolutionChange the wording to 'he took and said'
  3. ChallengeIf he already bought the birds, what money is left to add to?
  4. ResolutionHe redeemed the bird
  5. RejectionBirds cannot be redeemed
  6. Resolutionרב פפא: He bought only one bird
  7. StatementThe dispute: a rich person who brings a poor person's offering
  8. ChallengeChallenge from the law of a מצורע
  9. ResolutionA מצורע is different because of the word ״זאת״
  10. ChallengeThen the poor מצורע should also fail
  11. Resolution״תורת״ includes the poor מצורע, and ״זאת״ excludes the rich one
  12. ChallengeLet us learn טומאת מקדש from the מצורע
  13. Resolution״ואם דל הוא״ limits the strict rule to the מצורע
  14. StatementThe red strip and placing the two goats
  15. StatementThe second confession over the bull
  16. QuestionDoes 'and the slaughtered one' refer to tying or to standing?
  17. Proofרב יוסף's ברייתא: so the goats do not get mixed up
  18. ProofWhy the ברייתא proves the slaughtered goat is also tied
  19. ConclusionConclusion: the slaughtered goat is tied too
  20. Statementרבי יצחק forgot which red strip needs a minimum size
  21. Responseרב יוסף reasons that the scapegoat's strip needs a minimum size
  22. Challengeרמי בר חמא: the heifer's strip also needs weight
  23. Resolutionרבא: the weight requirement is a dispute among תנאים
  24. Challengeאביי challenges the claim that the heifer's strip is never cut
  25. ResolutionChange the wording to 'the end of the strip'
  26. Statementרב: it is valid if the flame catches the cedar and strip early
  27. ChallengeA ברייתא says a singed strip must be replaced
  28. Resolutionאביי: it depends on the kind of flame
  29. Resolutionרבא: it is a dispute about weight
  30. ProofThe ברייתא: why the items are wrapped together
  31. StatementThree crimson strips with three different weights
  32. Responseרבין arrives to explain which weight goes with which strip