Yoma 5a

יומא ה׳ ע״א

Learn Yoma 5a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The practical differences between רבי יוחנן and רבי חנינא about which details of the מילואים are essential, with proofs that each detail is not essential לדורות, and the source for the stricter view.

Overview

On the previous amud, רבי יוחנן and רבי חנינא disagreed about the מילואים, the seven-day inauguration of the כהנים. One view says כל הכתוב בהן מעכב בהן: every detail written there is essential. The other says דבר שאין מעכב לדורות אין מעכב בהן: a detail that is not essential for regular קרבנות later on is not essential in the מילואים either. The גמרא now asks what practical difference this makes. Four אמוראים each give an example. רב יוסף says סמיכה, רב נחמן בר יצחק says תנופה, רב פפא says פרישת שבעה, and רבינא says seven days of ריבוי and משיחה. For each example, the גמרא proves that it is not essential לדורות. For סמיכה and תנופה it uses ברייתות that end 'כאילו לא כפר, וכפר'. For פרישת שבעה it relies on the משנה's word מתקינין. For ריבוי and משיחה it uses a ברייתא that says 'מכל מקום'. The גמרא then finds a source that seven days of משיחה is still required לכתחילה. Finally, רבי יצחק בר ביסנא explains the stricter view from the word ״כָּכָה״, and the גמרא begins a challenge to that source that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. Responseרב יוסף: The difference is placing hands
2. QuestionHow do we know placing hands is not essential for regular offerings?
3. Proofברייתא: Can placing hands bring atonement?
4. ResolutionSkipping placing hands: atonement still happens
5. Responseרב נחמן בר יצחק: The difference is waving
6. QuestionSource that waving is not essential for later generations
7. Proofברייתא: how can waving bring atonement?
8. ResolutionSkipping waving is viewed as no atonement, yet he did atone
9. Responseרב פפא: sequestering for seven days is the difference
10. QuestionSource that sequestering is not essential for later generations
11. ProofProof from the משנה: the backup priest is prepared, not sequestered
12. Responseרבינא: seven days of garments and anointing is the difference
13. QuestionSource that seven days are not essential in later generations
14. ProofA ברייתא shows the appointment works in any case
15. QuestionWhere is seven days of anointing required ideally?
16. ResponseFirst answer: the verse needed to exclude it
17. ResponseSecond answer: anointing is linked to the garments
18. QuestionWhat is the source for the view that every detail is essential?
19. ResponseThe word 'so' makes every detail essential
20. ChallengeOpening a challenge to this source