Yoma 66a

יומא ס״ו ע״א

Learn Yoma 66a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Why leftover יום כיפור animals die (גזירה משום תקלה), and the confession over the שעיר המשתלח and who leads it

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the discussion of why a leftover פר and שעיר of יום כיפור are left to die instead of being kept for next year. The 'past its year' reason, with a decree for the פר, is rejected, and רבא explains it as a גזירה משום תקלה. A ברייתא about consecrating things in our time supports him: sacred items with no proper use are destroyed. The גמרא then clarifies that the feared mishap is wrongly offering these animals, since they are still fit to be offered. It proves that fear of תקלה is a dispute between תנאים, using ברייתות about a leftover קרבן פסח and leftover money for it. A new משנה follows: the כהן גדול confesses over the שעיר המשתלח, the crowd bows when it hears the שם המפורש, and the goat is handed to the one who leads it, with a story about ערסלא and the Babylonian Jews. The גמרא discusses why the כהנים are not named in this confession (רבי ירמיה and אביי). It then begins a ברייתא learning from 'איש' that a זר may lead the goat, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. ProofA leap month counts as part of the year
2. ChallengeThe reason works for the goat but not the bull
3. ResolutionThe bull dies because of a decree tied to the goat
4. ChallengeWould we kill an animal just because of a decree?
5. ChallengeAn overage sin-offering grazes, it does not die
6. Resolutionרבא: a decree against misusing sacred property
7. ProofNo consecrating in our times
8. ProofHow to dispose of items that were consecrated anyway
9. QuestionWhat 'uprooting' an animal means
10. ChallengeWhat kind of mishap are we afraid of?
11. ResolutionThe fear is of offering them, because they are still fit to be offered
12. ProofAttempt to show that worrying about mishap is a dispute between תנאים
13. RejectionNo, the ברייתות follow רבי and רבנן in a different dispute
14. ChallengeThe leftover money proves the rejection wrong
15. ConclusionConclusion: the תנאים argue about the fear of a mishap
16. StatementThe כהן גדול confesses over the scapegoat
17. StatementThe people bow when they hear the Name of ה׳
18. StatementWho may lead the scapegoat away
19. Statementרבי יוסי: an Israelite once led the goat
20. StatementA ramp was built because of the Babylonian Jews
21. QuestionWhy are the כהנים not mentioned in the confession?
22. Responseרבי ירמיה: The משנה does not follow רבי יהודה
23. Rejectionאביי: The כהנים are already included in 'Your people Israel'
24. StatementA ברייתא: The word 'איש' allows a non-כהן to lead the goat