Yoma 70a

יומא ע׳ ע״א

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Topic

The end of the כהן גדול's Torah reading on יום הכיפורים, his eight ברכות, the rest of his day's service in the משנה, and the dispute over when the מוסף offerings were brought.

Overview

This amud finishes the rule about skipping during public reading: within תרי עשר you may skip, but not backward from the end of the book to its beginning. The גמרא then explains the כהן גדול's reading on יום הכיפורים. He rolls up the ספר תורה and announces that more is written in it, so no one thinks badly of the scroll. He recites ובעשור by heart because rolling the scroll would make the ציבור wait. He does not switch to a second scroll, either because people would suspect the first was flawed (רב הונא בר יהודה) or because it would cause an unnecessary ברכה (ריש לקיש). A ברייתא then lists his eight ברכות, and the גמרא explains that the משנה had to say watching the reading is not forbidden, because of ריש לקיש's rule אין מעבירין על המצות and the מצוה of ברב עם הדרת מלך. A new משנה describes the rest of his day: changing between gold and white garments, the rams and מוסף offerings (where רבי אליעזר and רבי עקיבא disagree), bringing out the כף and מחתה, the afternoon קטורת and lamps, and the celebration when he goes home. Finally, the גמרא asks how to read רבי עקיבא's words and when the פר העולה and אימורי חטאת were offered. רבא answers that the order is clear only in the דבי שמואל version of רבי אליעזר or the תוספתא version of רבי עקיבא.

Opening lines

The steps (32)

1. StatementThe limit on skipping: not from the end of a book back to its start
2. QuestionWhy does the כהן גדול announce that more is written?
3. ResponseSo people will not think badly of the ספר תורה
4. StatementThe משנה: the ובעשור portion is read by heart
5. ChallengeWhy not roll the scroll to that place and read it?
6. ResolutionRolling a scroll in public disrespects the community
7. ChallengeWhy not bring a second scroll already open to that place?
8. ResolutionPeople would think the first scroll was flawed
9. ResolutionA second scroll would cause an unnecessary blessing
10. ChallengeChallenge from the three scrolls of ראש חודש טבת
11. ResolutionThree readers are different from one reader switching scrolls
12. StatementThe eight blessings of the כהן גדול
13. StatementThe wording of the final blessing
14. StatementEveryone reads from his own scroll
15. ChallengeWhy did the משנה need to say it is not forbidden?
16. ResolutionWe might have thought it was forbidden because of ריש לקיש
17. QuestionWhat מצוה is there in watching the reading?
18. ResponseThe מצוה of a large crowd honoring the King
19. StatementThe כהן גדול changes back into the golden garments
20. Statementרבי אליעזר: the rams and seven lambs are offered now
21. Statementרבי עקיבא: these were offered with the morning and afternoon תמיד
22. StatementHe removes the gold garments and immerses again
23. StatementBack in white garments to remove the spoon and coal pan
24. StatementGold garments for the afternoon incense and the lamps
25. StatementHe goes home in his own clothes and celebrates
26. QuestionHow should רבי עקיבא's sentence be read? First possibility
27. QuestionHow should רבי עקיבא's sentence be read? Second possibility
28. QuestionWhen does רבי אליעזר say the bull was offered?
29. QuestionWhen were the sin-offering fats burned, according to both opinions?
30. Responseרבא: The order only works in two other versions
31. Statementרבי אליעזר's full order in the school of שמואל
32. Statementרבי עקיבא's order in the תוספתא