Yoma 71a

יומא ע״א ע״א

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Topic

Which פסוקים of the יום הכיפורים service are out of order, followed by אגדה about 'life' and about תלמידי חכמים.

Overview

The ברייתא says the whole יום הכיפורים section in ויקרא is in order except the פסוק ובא אהרן אל אהל מועד. רב חסדא proves this from a tradition of five טבילות and ten קידושין: read in order, the פסוקים give only three. רבי זירא suggests the extra changes could come from the שעיר הנעשה בחוץ instead, but אביי shows from ויצא ועשה that the rams come right after the inner service. רבא adds a proof from the extra words אשר לבש, and when רבה בר רב שילא challenges it, ויצא ועשה again answers. The גמרא then notes that the פסוקים about burning the fats and burning the פר and שעיר are also out of order, so the exception means 'this פסוק and onward.' אביי and רבא show from המשלח and יעמד חי that the פסוקים, not the משנה, are the ones out of order. The amud ends with אגדה: the משלח greeting the כהן גדול, teachings about 'life,' and three sayings of רבי ברכיה about תלמידי חכמים, the last of which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. StatementEvery verse is in order except this one
2. QuestionHow do we know this verse is out of order?
3. Responseרב חסדא: the tradition of five immersions and ten sanctifications
4. ProofIn order, the verses give only three immersions
5. Challengeרבי זירא: maybe the extra change comes from the outer goat
6. Resolutionאביי: right after leaving, he offers the rams
7. Resolutionרבא: 'which he wore' means clothes he already wore
8. Challengeרבה בר רב שילא: maybe the outside goat explains 'already worn'
9. ResolutionAnswer: the verse 'he shall go out and offer' rules this out
10. ChallengeChallenge: other verses also seem out of order
11. ResolutionThe exception covers this verse and onward
12. ChallengeWhy move the verses instead of the משנה?
13. Resolutionאביי: 'the one who sends' and 'the one who burns' are alike
14. RejectionOn the contrary: compare the other way
15. ResolutionThe word 'the one who sends' points to the past
16. Proofרבא's proof: the goat only has to stay alive until the blood is given
17. StatementHow the sender greets the כהן גדול after יום כיפור
18. StatementThe farewell blessing of the חכמים in פומבדיתא
19. Statement'The lands of the living' means a place of markets
20. QuestionWhat are 'years of life'?
21. ResponseYears that turn from bad to good
22. Statementתלמידי חכמים are like women but strong like men
23. StatementGiving wine to תלמידי חכמים is like pouring wine on the מזבח
24. StatementMarry a תלמיד חכם's daughter so Torah continues in the family