Yoma 80b

יומא פ׳ ע״ב

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Topic

Yoma 80b: The eating and drinking measures on יום הכפורים, what foods combine toward the ככותבת, and why אכילה גסה does not count as eating

Overview

This amud opens by finishing an earlier point: in the case of עוג מלך הבשן, בית שמאי turn out to hold the stricter view about the drinking measure. Then רבי זירא challenges אביי three times about the measures on יום הכפורים. He asks why eating has one fixed measure (ככותבת) while drinking depends on each person's own cheekful, whether a giant like עוג can be satisfied by a date's worth, and whether fatty meat and grapevine shoots satisfy equally. אביי answers each time that חז"ל have a tradition that a ככותבת always settles the mind (מיתבא דעתיה) at least somewhat. רבא then questions the time limit of כדי אכילת פרס, and רב פפא explains that טומאת גוויה is only rabbinic, with its פסוק serving as an אסמכתא. Next, on the משנה's words 'כל האוכלין', the גמרא teaches that salt joins meat, and brine joins a vegetable, because anything that prepares food counts as food. Finally, ריש לקיש teaches that overfull eating (אכילה גסה) is not real eating: on יום הכפורים the person is פטור, and a זר who overeats תרומה pays the קרן but not the חומש. רבי ירמיה then begins a parallel teaching from רבי יוחנן that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. ResolutionThe question was asked about עוג, so בית שמאי end up stricter
2. ChallengeWhy is eating fixed but drinking personal?
3. ResolutionA date settles anyone, but only your own cheekful settles you
4. ChallengeCan a giant like עוג be satisfied with a date?
5. ResolutionEveryone is settled, just by different amounts
6. ChallengeDoes fatty meat satisfy like grapevine shoots?
7. ResolutionEvery food settles the mind, just to different degrees
8. Challengeרבא questions why a big date gets the same time limit as an olive
9. Resolutionאביי: eating within this time is what settles the mind
10. Challengeרבא compares it to the half-loaf measure for impurity
11. Resolutionרב פפא: leave aside body impurity, since it is only rabbinic
12. ChallengeDidn't רב פפא himself say body impurity is from the Torah?
13. ResolutionIt is rabbinic, and the verse is only a hint
14. StatementMeat and its salt combine for the measure
15. Statementריש לקיש: brine on a vegetable combines
16. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
17. ResolutionWhatever prepares food counts as food
18. StatementOverfull eating on יום הכפורים is exempt
19. StatementA זר who overeats תרומה pays the קרן but not the חומש
20. Statementרבי ירמיה begins a related teaching in רבי יוחנן's name