Zevachim 102a

זבחים ק״ב ע״א

Learn Zevachim 102a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Was משה a כהן and a king? The disputes about משה's roles, and the sources that blemished כהנים get a share of the קרבנות

Overview

Earlier on the daf, רב said that משה served as a כהן. The גמרא tests this against a ברייתא that calls משה a זר regarding מרים's צרעת. רב נחמן בר יצחק answers that the job of examining נגעים is given only to אהרן and his sons. A second ברייתא about אלישבע's five joys calls משה a king. The גמרא answers that it means he was also a king. The גמרא then shows that משה's כהונה is a dispute among תנאים, with four views. This leads into side discussions: whether every חרון אף in the תורה leaves a mark, why one must respect royal authority, and עולא's claim that משה asked for kingship and was refused. The גמרא then returns to the משנה and learns from three verses of ״כל זכר״ that blemished כהנים get a share of the קרבנות. The amud ends as רב אשי begins to explain why a כהן with a temporary מום needed a special פסוק. His explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (41)

1. ChallengeNeither משה nor אהרן could inspect מרים's mark
2. Conclusionה׳ Himself handled מרים's case
3. ChallengeThe ברייתא calls משה a זר
4. ResolutionInspecting leprous marks is a special case
5. Challengeאלישבע's five joys: משה is called a king
6. ChallengeThe ברייתא calls משה only a king
7. ResolutionRead it as: also a king
8. StatementA dispute among תנאים: God's anger at the burning bush left no mark
9. Statementרבי שמעון בן יוחי: the anger did leave a mark
10. QuestionWhy call אהרן a לוי? He is a כהן!
11. ResponseThe roles were switched: אהרן becomes כהן, משה becomes לוי
12. Statementחכמים: משה was a כהן only for the seven days of the מילואים
13. Statementיש אומרים: only משה's children lost כהונה
14. QuestionWhy was a second verse needed?
15. ResponseThe first verse might only be about future generations
16. Challengeמשה left פרעה angry, but no result is recorded
17. Resolutionריש לקיש: משה slapped פרעה
18. Challengeריש לקיש elsewhere says to respect פרעה
19. ResolutionSwitch the two opinions
20. Statementרבי ינאי: always respect royal authority
21. Proofרבי יוחנן's source for honoring a king: אליהו runs before אחאב
22. Statementעולא: משה asked for kingship and was refused
23. Challengeרבא challenges עולא: רבי ישמעאל says משה was a king
24. Resolutionרבא: משה was refused kingship for his descendants
25. ChallengeChallenge: שאול was called ״הֲלֹם״ but his children did not rule
26. ResolutionFirst answer: שאול's son איש בשת did become king
27. ResolutionSecond answer: שאול is different because he lost the kingship himself
28. ProofSupport: greatness lasts for generations unless a person becomes arrogant
29. QuestionBack to the משנה: where do we learn the law of בעלי מומין?
30. Response״כל זכר״ includes בעלי מומין
31. QuestionIncluded for what? Eating is already taught elsewhere
32. ResponseIt teaches that they get a share in the dividing
33. StatementAnother ברייתא learns from ״כל זכר״ by the חטאת
34. QuestionWhat does this second ״כל זכר״ add?
35. ResponseIt adds a כהן born with a מום
36. StatementA third ברייתא learns from ״כל זכר״ by the אשם
37. QuestionWhat does the third ״כל זכר״ add?
38. ResponseIt adds a כהן with a temporary מום
39. ChallengeIsn't that backwards?
40. Resolutionרב ששת: flip the wording
41. Resolutionרב אשי: keep the wording and explain it