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Zevachim 102b

זבחים ק״ב ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 102b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 102b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which כהנים get a share of the קדשים: the rule 'not fit, no share,' timing of purity, and the טבול יום debate

Overview

This amud is about which כהנים get a share of the קדשים meat. It first finishes explaining why a כהן with a temporary מום gets a share right away. It then tests the משנה's rule, 'whoever is not fit gets no share.' After trying 'fit to eat,' the גמרא goes back to 'fit for the עבודה.' The answer is that the משנה only says who is left out, and the בעל מום is a special inclusion from a פסוק. Next, the משנה makes purity at זריקת דמים the deciding moment, which disagrees with אבא שאול. אבא שאול requires purity until הקטר חלבים, and רב אשי's question about becoming טמא in between ends in תיקו. רבא then retells רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון's debate between a טבול יום and a pure כהן over a מנחה, a חטאת and the חזה ושוק. Each time the logic fails, but a פסוק shows that only the כהן who can serve gets to eat. רב אחאי asks why a בכור round is missing, and the גמרא explains that the בכור פסוק says 'yours,' so the proof would not have worked. Finally, the גמרא explains why this was taught in the bathroom: he could not help thinking about it.

Opening lines

כִּי טָמֵא;

[he is] like an impure one;

מָה טָמֵא –

just as an impure one –

כַּמָּה דְּלָא טָהוֹר לָא אָכֵיל,

as long as he is not pure, he does not eat,

אַף הַאי נָמֵי –

so too this one also –

The steps (32)

  1. ResolutionWhy a temporary בעל מום still gets a share
  2. StatementQuoting the משנה's general rule
  3. ChallengeA blemished כהן is not fit for service, yet he gets a share
  4. ChallengeAn impure כהן can serve communal offerings, yet gets no share
  5. ResolutionThe משנה means fit for eating
  6. ChallengeA minor may eat but gets no share
  7. ResolutionThe משנה only teaches the negative side
  8. ResolutionGoing back to the original reading of the משנה
  9. StatementThe משנה about purity at זריקה, and what follows from it
  10. StatementOur משנה does not follow אבא שאול
  11. Questionרב אשי asks about becoming טמא in between
  12. ConclusionThe question stays unresolved
  13. Statementרבא learned this rule from רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון
  14. ProofThe pure כהן's קל וחומר
  15. RejectionThe טבול יום breaks the קל וחומר
  16. ConclusionThe פסוק: only the one who offers it eats it
  17. StatementThe טבול יום asks for a share of an Israelite's חטאת
  18. ProofThe pure כהן argues with a קל וחומר
  19. RejectionThe טבול יום shows the two cases are not comparable
  20. ConclusionThe פסוק settles it: only the כהן who serves may eat
  21. StatementThe טבול יום asks for the breast and thigh of a peace offering
  22. ProofA קל וחומר from the sin offering
  23. RejectionWives and slaves make the peace offering stronger
  24. ConclusionThe verse: the one who sprinkles the blood eats
  25. ConclusionThe story ends: the טבול יום leaves with nothing
  26. Challengeרב אחאי asks: why not request a share of a בכור?
  27. ResolutionA possible answer: a קל וחומר blocks the בכור
  28. RejectionThe טבול יום could break that קל וחומר
  29. ResolutionThe pure כהן could quote a verse about the firstborn
  30. RejectionThe verse says 'yours', meaning even another כהן
  31. ChallengeHow could he teach Torah in the bathroom?
  32. ResolutionWhen he can't help it, it is different