Zevachim 111a

זבחים קי״א ע״א

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Topic

Liability for offering outside the עזרה: wine and water libations, leftover blood (שירי הדם), and bird offerings

Overview

This amud deals with offering things outside the עזרה. First the גמרא finishes explaining an argument about pouring a libation outside. One view says it depends on whether נסכים were offered in the מדבר. רבינא says it depends on whether ניסוך המים can be learned from ניסוך היין. A ברייתא then teaches that pouring three לוגין of wine outside brings liability, and רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון adds that this is only if the wine was sanctified in a כלי. רב אדא בר רב יצחק says they argue about the overflow above the rim of the measuring vessel. רבא בריה דרבה says they argue about whether נסכים were brought on a private במה, and the גמרא traces this back to רבי and חכמים and then to רבי ישמעאל and רבי עקיבא on the פסוק ״כי תבאו״. Next, רבי יוחנן explains that רבי נחמיה, who makes one liable for leftover blood offered outside, holds שיריים מעכבין. A ברייתא seems to refute him, but the גמרא answers by splitting inner leftover blood from outer leftover blood. The amud ends with a new משנה about a bird offering that was pinched or slaughtered and then offered outside.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. StatementThe dispute depends on whether libations were offered in the wilderness
2. Statementרבינא: the dispute is whether water libation is learned from wine libation
3. Statementברייתא: pouring three log of wine outside, and whether it must be sanctified first
4. QuestionWhat is the practical difference between them?
5. Responseרב אדא בר רב יצחק: they differ about the overflow of the measuring vessels
6. Responseרבא son of רבה: the difference is whether נסכים were brought on a private altar
7. StatementThe argument of רבי and חכמים about libations on a private altar
8. StatementLinking to another ברייתא: ״כי תבאו״ speaks of the great altar
9. Proofרבי ישמעאל proves from ״לכם״ that the verse means the public altar
10. Statementרבי עקיבא reads the verse as adding libations to a small altar
11. ProofProof from 'the land of your dwellings' that a private altar is meant
12. ConclusionThe result: did the Jews offer libations in the desert?
13. Statementרבי נחמיה: liability for leftover blood offered outside
14. Statementרבי יוחנן explains the reason behind רבי נחמיה's ruling
15. ChallengeA ברייתא where רבי עקיבא questions רבי נחמיה
16. Proofרבי נחמיה brings proof from limbs and fats
17. Rejectionרבי עקיבא: limbs and fats are a service of their own
18. ChallengeWhy didn't רבי נחמיה say the leftover blood is essential?
19. ConclusionA strong refutation of רבי יוחנן
20. ResolutionInner leftover blood versus outer leftover blood
21. Resolutionרבי עקיבא misunderstood which leftover blood רבי נחמיה meant
22. StatementNew משנה on a bird offering pinched or slaughtered and then offered outside