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Zevachim 114a

זבחים קי״ד ע״א

Learn Zevachim 114a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

How each disqualified animal in the משנה could first be fit, why the משנה lists three 'not yet fit' cases, and the source for רבי שמעון's לאו on a מחוסר זמן.

Overview

The גמרא wants every case in the משנה to be an animal that was fit at first for the פתח אהל מועד and only later became disqualified. For רובע and נרבע this is easy: the animal was made holy first, and the act happened afterward. מוקצה and נעבד happen only with קדשים קלים, which רבי יוסי הגלילי holds are still the owner's property, and a ברייתא proves he holds this. אתנן, מחיר, כלאים and יוצא דופן are about the babies of holy animals, because the תנא holds such babies become holy only at birth. Next the גמרא explains why the משנה needs all three cases of the argument between רבי שמעון and the חכמים: temporarily blemished animals, doves whose time has not come, and אותו ואת בנו. Then it finds the source for רבי שמעון's לאו in 'לא תעשון'. In גלגל, obligatory offerings were like a מחוסר זמן compared to שילה, and משה forbade them. At the end, רבי ירמיה begins a challenge to this source, and the challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

בִּשְׁלָמָא רוֹבֵעַ וְנִרְבָּע –

Granted, an animal that had relations with a person, or was used for bestiality:

מַשְׁכַּחַתְּ לֵיהּ דְּאַקְדְּשִׁינְהוּ מֵעִיקָּרָא,

you can find it where he consecrated them at first,

וַהֲדַר (רבעו) [אִירְבַעוּ].

and afterward they were involved in bestiality.

אֶלָּא מוּקְצֶה וְנֶעֱבָד –

But an animal set aside for idol worship, or one that was worshipped:

The steps (14)

  1. ChallengeBestiality cases work, but how can idol-worship cases happen after consecration?
  2. ResolutionThe case is קדשים קלים, following רבי יוסי הגלילי
  3. ProofA ברייתא shows that רבי יוסי הגלילי treats קדשים קלים as the owner's money
  4. ConclusionSummary: how each case in the משנה happens after consecration
  5. ResolutionPayment, price, mixed breed and C-section cases are about babies of holy animals
  6. ResolutionBabies of holy animals become holy only at birth
  7. StatementQuoting the next part of the משנה: temporary blemishes and אותו ואת בנו
  8. StatementWhy all three cases are needed: blemished animals versus young doves
  9. StatementSecond leg: why the case of young doves is not enough
  10. ConclusionThird leg: why אותו ואת בנו is also needed, so all three cases are necessary
  11. QuestionWhat is the source for רבי שמעון's prohibition?
  12. Responseריש לקיש brings a פסוק: voluntary offerings yes, obligatory offerings no
  13. ResponseGilgal offerings counted as not yet in their time
  14. Challengeרבי ירמיה begins to challenge the derivation