Zevachim 114b

זבחים קי״ד ע״ב

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Topic

Sources for רבי שמעון's לאו on a מחוסר זמן offered outside, fixes to the משנה's list, and liability for slaughtering שלא לשמו outside

Overview

The amud opens in the middle of a challenge to ריש לקיש's source for רבי שמעון's לאו against offering a מחוסר זמן outside: if that לאו is real, why did רבי זירא say there is no מלקות for slaughtering one inside? The גמרא first answers that רבי זירא follows the רבנן. רב נחמן בר יצחק then answers that inside גלגל counts as 'outside' compared to שילה, so the לאו was only about outside. רבה offers a different source, a ברייתא about a פסח on a private במה, and tries to prove from it that the case is before חצות. The גמרא rejects that proof: the case could be after חצות, at a time when private altars were allowed for other offerings but not for the פסח. The גמרא then fixes the משנה's list of people whose offerings are not yet due. זעירי adds a מצורע to explain the אשם, and רב ששת adds a נזיר to explain the שלמים. Finally, רבי חלקיה rules that slaughtering such an אשם שלא לשמו outside brings liability, as long as there is real עקירה. רב הונא objects that nothing can be unfit לשמו yet fit שלא לשמו, and the גמרא begins a counterexample that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. ChallengeThen he should also get lashes inside the Temple
2. Resolutionרבי זירא follows the רבנן, not רבי שמעון
3. ResolutionInside גלגל counts as outside compared to שילה
4. Statementרבה: רבי שמעון learns from the פסח verse
5. StatementThe ברייתא limits the לאו to times when there is one central altar
6. Proofרבה argues the ברייתא must mean before midday
7. RejectionIt could be after midday, when private altars were allowed
8. ChallengeBut the ברייתא said private altars were forbidden
9. ResolutionPrivate altars were forbidden for the פסח but allowed for other offerings
10. ChallengeDo these people even bring an אשם?
11. Resolutionזעירי adds a מצורע to the list
12. ChallengeDo these people even bring a שלמים?
13. Resolutionרב ששת adds a נזיר to the list
14. ConclusionOnly זעירי's addition became part of the standard text
15. Statementרבי חלקיה: slaughtering שלא לשמו outside makes one liable
16. ChallengeThen slaughtering לשמו should also make him liable
17. ResolutionIt requires an actual change of name
18. Challengeרב הונא questions how 'not for its sake' can be better than 'for its sake'
19. RejectionThe גמרא says such cases do exist