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Zevachim 42a

זבחים מ״ב ע״א

Learn Zevachim 42a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

A ברייתא about פיגול in the inner sprinklings challenges ריש לקיש's 'first intent' explanation of רבי מאיר. Several answers follow, ending with רבא and רב אשי.

Overview

Just before this amud, the גמרא brought two explanations of רבי מאיר's view that an offering becomes פיגול even when the bad intent was in only part of the מתיר. רבי יוחנן says half a מתיר is enough. ריש לקיש says a person keeps acting on his first intent. The גמרא now quotes a ברייתא about the blood sprinklings inside the היכל. There, רבי מאיר says it is פיגול even if the bad intent came in the second or third set, and that seems to go against ריש לקיש. רב יצחק בר אבין answers that the case is a new שחיטה, which is a complete מתיר. רבא explains that the חכמים who disagree follow רבי אליעזר, who requires the whole act. But רבא himself taught that רבי אליעזר agrees that with blood a partial service counts, so this answer falls. רבא then reads the ברייתא as bad intent in the first set, silence in the second, and bad intent again in the third. רב אשי objects that the ברייתא never says 'silent'. He reads it as bad intent in the first three sets and silence in the fourth, teaching that the first intent carries through every set.

Opening lines

אֲבָל דָּמִים הַנִּיתָּנִין עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ הַפְּנִימִי –

But blood that is placed on the inner altar,

כְּגוֹן אַרְבָּעִים וְשָׁלֹשׁ שֶׁל יוֹם הַכִּיפּוּרִים,

such as the forty-three of Yom Kippur,

וְאַחַד עָשָׂר שֶׁל פַּר כֹּהֵן מָשִׁיחַ,

and the eleven of the bull of the anointed priest,

וְאַחַד עָשָׂר שֶׁל פַּר הֶעְלֵם דָּבָר שֶׁל צִיבּוּר;

and the eleven of the bull for a hidden matter of the community;

The steps (12)

  1. StatementThe ברייתא about פיגול in the inner sprinklings
  2. ChallengeBad intent even in a later set goes against ריש לקיש
  3. ResolutionThe case is bad intent during a new שחיטה
  4. ChallengeThen why do the חכמים disagree?
  5. ResolutionThe חכמים here are רבי אליעזר
  6. ProofProof: רבי אליעזר requires the whole amount offered outside
  7. Challengeרבא himself said רבי אליעזר agrees about blood
  8. Resolutionרבא's new case: bad intent, then silence, then bad intent again
  9. ResolutionWhat רבא's case comes to teach
  10. Challengeרב אשי: the ברייתא never says he was silent
  11. Resolutionרב אשי's case: bad intent in the first three sets
  12. ResolutionWhat רב אשי's case comes to teach