Zevachim 42b

זבחים מ״ב ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 42b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

פיגול and the מתירין: the יום הכיפורים sprinklings, the count of blood placements, half a מתיר in a מנחה, and items with no פיגול liability

Overview

This amud opens by closing a challenge against רב אשי: his reading of the ברייתא does not fit its wording 'whether... whether,' and the difficulty stands. The גמרא then returns to the same ברייתא, where רבי מאיר says an improper thought during one set of the יום הכיפורים sprinklings makes the offering פיגול with כרת. It asks how this can be, since כרת requires that all the מתירין were done, and a ruined sprinkling inside should turn the later sprinklings into plain water. רבה answers that the case has four bulls and four goats. רבא answers that even with one bull and one goat, the improper sprinkling still counts for making the offering פיגול. Next the גמרא explains why different ברייתות count 43, 47, or 48 blood placements: each follows a different opinion about mixing the blood for the corners and about whether the leftover blood is required. The גמרא then challenges ריש לקיש's view of רבי מאיר from a ברייתא about a מנחה, where רבי מאיר rules פיגול even when only the frankincense had the improper thought. An attempt to reread that ברייתא fails, and the difficulty remains. Finally a new משנה begins listing items that carry no כרת for פיגול, starting with the קומץ, the קטורת, and the לבונה.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. ChallengeThe wording 'whether... whether' does not fit רב אשי's reading
2. ConclusionThe challenge stands unanswered
3. StatementQuoting רבי מאיר: the offering is פיגול with כרת
4. StatementThe rule: no כרת unless all the מתירין were offered
5. ChallengeA disqualified inner sprinkling makes the later sprinklings worthless
6. Resolutionרבה: the case has four bulls and four goats
7. Resolutionרבא: Even one bull and goat works for פיגול
8. ChallengeForty-three or forty-seven placements?
9. ResolutionThe difference: mixing the blood for the corners
10. ChallengeA third count: forty-eight
11. ResolutionThe difference: is pouring out the leftover blood required?
12. ChallengeA ברייתא about פיגול in a מנחה
13. ChallengeThe ברייתא continues: improper thought during only the handful or only the frankincense
14. ChallengeThe challenge: the thought was only on the second item, and רבי מאיר still disagrees
15. ResolutionRereading the case: the frankincense with the thought came first
16. RejectionTwo problems with the rereading
17. ConclusionThe challenge stands
18. StatementNew משנה: items that carry no פיגול liability