Zevachim 43a

זבחים מ״ג ע״א

Learn Zevachim 43a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 43a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which items are subject to פיגול (only things with a מתיר), and עולא's ruling that a פיגול קומץ loses its פיגול status on the מזבח

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a list from the משנה of things that are not subject to פיגול, and the arguments about libations and the מצורע's oil. The basic rule is that פיגול only applies to something that has a מתיר, another part of the offering (usually the blood) that makes it permitted. The משנה gives examples of how blood permits different offerings. רבי שמעון limits פיגול to offerings whose blood goes on the outer altar, like שלמים. The גמרא then brings עולא, who says a פיגול קומץ loses its פיגול status once it is brought onto the מזבח. The גמרא explains his reasoning and then asks what new law he is teaching, trying three possibilities that a משנה already covers. It answers that עולא means a קומץ the fire already caught, which is put back up if it falls off. Finally the גמרא points out that עולא already said this rule elsewhere, and the answer to that challenge comes on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (15)

1. StatementMore items on the list that are not subject to פיגול
2. StatementThe Sages include libations that come with an animal
3. Statementרבי שמעון: the מצורע's oil is not subject to פיגול
4. Statementרבי מאיר: the oil is subject to פיגול because the אשם's blood permits it
5. StatementThe general rule: anything with a מתיר is subject to פיגול
6. StatementExamples of how blood permits different offerings
7. Statementרבי שמעון: only offerings on the outer altar, like שלמים, are subject to פיגול
8. Statementעולא: a פיגול handful loses its פיגול status on the altar
9. QuestionWhat does עולא mean?
10. ResponseThe קומץ must be 'accepted' to make others פיגול
11. ChallengeNot about liability, since a משנה already says that
12. ChallengeNot 'if they went up they don't come down', since a משנה already says that
13. ChallengeNot 'if they came down they go back up', since the משנה says the opposite
14. Resolutionעולא means a case where the fire already caught
15. ChallengeDidn't עולא already teach this rule somewhere else?