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Zevachim 4a

זבחים ד׳ ע״א

Learn Zevachim 4a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 4a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The sources that all four blood עבודות must be done לשמה, both for the right type of קרבן and for the right owner

Overview

The גמרא looks for the source that every blood עבודה of a קרבן must be done לשמה. It learns שחיטה from the extra word ״זֶבַח״ in ״וְאִם זֶבַח שְׁלָמִים קׇרְבָּנוֹ״. It learns קבלה from ״הַמַּקְרִיב״ and זריקה from ״הַזּוֹרֵק״. Each עבודה has its own stringency, so none can be learned from another. הולכה is included in קבלה, because the תורה describes קבלה with a word meaning carrying. Next, רב פנחס learns that a קרבן must also be slaughtered for its owner (שינוי בעלים) from the word ״זֶבַח״ in the פסוק about the תודה. He defends this against two challenges about other lessons drawn from that פסוק. Finally, the גמרא tries to extend the owner rule to the other עבודות with a גזירה שוה from שינוי קודש. It then refutes that comparison with four ways שינוי קודש is stricter, and the search continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

מְנָלַן דְּבָעֵינַן זְבִיחָה לִשְׁמָהּ?

From where do we know that we require slaughter for its own sake?

דְּאָמַר קְרָא:

As the verse states:

״וְאִם זֶבַח שְׁלָמִים קׇרְבָּנוֹ״ –

"And if his offering is a sacrifice of peace offerings"

שֶׁתְּהֵא זְבִיחָה לְשֵׁם [שְׁלָמִים].

that the slaughter must be for the sake of a peace offering.

The steps (28)

  1. QuestionWhat is the source that slaughter must be for the right purpose?
  2. ResponseThe source is the phrase "a sacrifice of peace offerings"
  3. ChallengeMaybe "זבח שלמים" is just the offering's name
  4. ResolutionOther verses leave out "זבח", so here it teaches something
  5. QuestionWhat is the source for the other sacrificial rites?
  6. ResponseSuggestion: learn the other עבודות from slaughter
  7. RejectionSlaughter is special because of the פסח rule
  8. ResponseA separate פסוק for collecting the blood
  9. ChallengeWhy not write it only for collection?
  10. ResolutionCollection is special too: a זר or woman can't do it
  11. QuestionWhat is the source for sprinkling?
  12. RejectionSprinkling cannot be learned from slaughter and collection
  13. ResponseA verse teaches sprinkling for the sake of the offering
  14. ChallengeWhy not write it only for sprinkling?
  15. ResolutionWhy we could not learn everything from זריקה alone
  16. QuestionWhat is the source for carrying the blood?
  17. RejectionLearning carrying from the other three does not work
  18. ResponseCarrying is included in receiving the blood
  19. QuestionWhat is the source for slaughtering for the wrong owner?
  20. Responseרב פנחס learns the owner rule from the פסוק about תודה
  21. ChallengeThat פסוק is already used by a ברייתא for a different rule
  22. ResolutionThe word ״זֶבַח״ teaches the owner rule
  23. ChallengeThe word ״זֶבַח״ is already used for another lesson
  24. ResolutionThe word's position teaches two lessons
  25. QuestionWhat about the other services?
  26. RejectionWe cannot simply learn from slaughter
  27. ResponseLearning the other rites from the matching word 'slaughter'
  28. RejectionFour ways that changing the type of offering is more severe