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Zevachim 57b

זבחים נ״ז ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 57b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 57b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Learning from a rule that was itself learned through a היקש (the תודה breads), and whose view sets the midnight deadline for eating the פסח

Overview

The גמרא first gives another answer to an earlier problem: the outside blood placements (חוץ) are learned from the inside ones (פנים) in one single learning, not as a chain. It then shows that the view that a rule learned through a היקש plus another source is not a היקש fits the drasha on "תביאו". That drasha models the תודה bread on שתי הלחם: one עשרון per loaf, though not a total of two עשרונים, because of "תהיינה". The מצה loaves then get the same ten עשרונים through a היקש to the חמץ loaves. For the other view, the גמרא answers that "תביאו" is an extra word, so only one היקש is used. Next, רב יוסף says the משנה's rule that the פסח is eaten only until midnight follows רבי אלעזר בן עזריה, who learns it from "בלילה הזה" and מכת בכורות. רבי עקיבא disagrees: the deadline is the time of haste, and "בלילה" teaches only that the פסח is eaten at night. אביי suggests midnight may be just a rabbinic fence, but רב יוסף proves from the word "only" that it is Torah law. The פרק איזהו מקומן then ends.

Opening lines

וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא:

And if you wish, say:

חוּץ מִפְּנִים בְּחַד זִימְנָא גְּמִיר.

outside is learned from inside all at one time.

בִּשְׁלָמָא לְמַאן דְּאָמַר

Granted, according to the one who says

[לָא] הָוֵי הֶיקֵּשׁ,

it is not a juxtaposition,

The steps (17)

  1. ResolutionOutside is learned from inside in one learning
  2. ChallengeSetting up: the view that it is not a היקש fits the פסוק
  3. ProofThe bread of the תודה is modeled on שתי הלחם
  4. ChallengeShould the תודה bread also total only two tenths?
  5. Resolution"תהיינה" limits the total to שתי הלחם
  6. ProofThe מצה loaves of the תודה are matched to the חמץ loaves
  7. ChallengeA problem for the view that it counts as a היקש
  8. Resolution'תביאו' is an extra word, so there is no היקש on a היקש
  9. QuestionWho taught that the פסח is eaten only until midnight?
  10. Responseרב יוסף: it is רבי אלעזר בן עזריה
  11. Proof'This night' is compared to the night of מכת בכורות
  12. Challengeרבי עקיבא: The פסח may be eaten until the time of haste
  13. ChallengeThen why does the Torah say 'on this night'?
  14. Resolution'At night' teaches that the פסח is eaten at night and not by day
  15. Challengeאביי: Maybe the משנה's midnight is only a rabbinic fence
  16. ResolutionThe word 'only' shows the midnight rule is Torah law
  17. Conclusionהדרן — Closing the פרק איזהו מקומן