Zevachim 93b

זבחים צ״ג ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 93b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 93b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which חטאת blood requires washing of a garment, the rules for dipping and sprinkling the blood, and what kinds of items need washing

Overview

This amud finishes the משנה's rule that only חטאת blood received in a כלי and fit for sprinkling requires washing (כיבוס) of a garment it splashes on. The גמרא explains that this line gives the reason for the case of blood spilled on the floor. It also explains that 'fit for sprinkling' excludes small amounts caught in two כלים, each holding less than one sprinkling. רבי חלפתא בר שאול taught that rule about מי חטאת. The גמרא asks whether it also applies to blood, and רבי אלעזר rules that it does. רבא brings a ברייתא that reads וְטָבַל, בַּדָּם and מִן הַדָּם in the פסוק: the כהן must truly dip, a full amount must be in the כלי from the start, and the leftover blood on his finger is unfit. רבא defends that last rule against challenges from רבין בר רב אדא and אביי, and אביי explains that the finger is wiped on the rim of the bowl. A new משנה then argues whether a hide splashed with חטאת blood needs washing (רבי יהודה and רבי אלעזר). It also says the washing and the cleaning of pots must be done in a holy place. The גמרא starts bringing the פסוק sources for each view, and רבי אלעזר's reading continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (29)

1. ChallengeWhy does the משנה need this extra line?
2. ResolutionThe line explains the reason for the earlier case
3. QuestionWhat does 'fit for sprinkling' exclude?
4. ResponseIt excludes small amounts in two separate vessels
5. ProofSupport from רבי חלפתא בר שאול
6. QuestionDoes the same rule apply to blood?
7. QuestionThe other side: maybe the rule comes from a פסוק that also applies to blood
8. Responseרבי אלעזר: blood is also not sanctified
9. Proofרבא's ברייתא: reading each word of the פסוק about dipping in blood
10. ResolutionWhy the Torah needed the word "בַּדָּם"
11. ResolutionWhy ״וְטָבַל״ is still needed after ״בַּדָּם״
12. QuestionWhat does ״מִן הַדָּם״ exclude?
13. Responseרבא: it excludes the leftover blood on the finger
14. ProofThis supports רבי אלעזר
15. ChallengeA ברייתא about blood spraying onto a garment
16. ChallengeReading the ברייתא as before the sprinklings are finished
17. ResolutionNo: it means before the sprinkle left his hand
18. Challengeאביי's challenge from the red heifer sprinkling
19. ResolutionWiping the hand at the end, wiping the finger in between
20. QuestionWhere does he wipe his finger?
21. ResponseHe wipes his finger on the rim of the bowl
22. StatementNew משנה: blood sprayed on an animal's hide
23. Statementרבי אלעזר: even a skinned hide needs no washing
24. StatementGarment, sackcloth and hide all need washing
25. StatementThe washing and cleaning must be done in a holy place
26. QuestionWhere do these rules come from?
27. ResponseA skinned hide is included from the פסוק
28. RejectionA hide still on the animal is left out
29. Statementרבי אלעזר begins his own reading of the פסוק