Zevachim 93a

זבחים צ״ג ע״א

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Topic

When blood of a חטאת makes a garment need כיבוס: blood that becomes פסול, disqualified offerings, and blood not fit for הזאה

Overview

רמי בר חמא asks רב חסדא about blood of a חטאת that sprays onto a טמא garment, making the blood פסול at the very moment it lands. רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע learns from the question that blood which was fit and only later became פסול does not need כיבוס, so the real doubt is about becoming פסול at the same moment. רב חסדא ties this to the מחלוקת between רבי אלעזר and the רבנן about מי חטאת that became טמא, proven from sprinkling a נדה. רבה says רבי אלעזר follows רבי עקיבא, who treats passing over a טמא place like resting there. אביי disproves this and explains רבי עקיבא's ruling about the jug over the oven as only a גזירה. He then says the real מחלוקת is whether we learn earlier טומאה from same-moment טומאה. רבא instead says they argue about whether הזאה needs a set amount. The גמרא then brings the ברייתא where the first opinion, רבי עקיבא and רבי שמעון argue about blood of a disqualified חטאת, with the פסוקים each one uses. A new משנה teaches that only blood received in a כלי and still fit for הזאה requires כיבוס, and ברייתות give the source from "אשר יזה".

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. QuestionBlood that sprays onto an impure garment
2. StatementLearning a rule from how the question was asked
3. QuestionThe real question: one after the other, or at the same moment
4. Responseרב חסדא: it depends on a known dispute
5. Statementרבי אלעזר: impure purification water still purifies
6. Statementרבה: רבי אלעזר follows רבי עקיבא
7. ProofThe משנה about the jug carried over the oven
8. Challengeאביי objects: רבי עקיבא agrees sprinkled water stays pure
9. Resolutionאביי's new reading: a rabbinic decree in case it rests
10. QuestionThen what do רבי אלעזר and the רבנן argue about?
11. Responseאביי: learning earlier impurity from same-moment impurity
12. Responseאביי finishes his answer: one side learns one case from the other, one side does not
13. Responseרבא says the real argument is whether sprinkling needs a set amount
14. StatementOnly blood of a fit חטאת requires washing a garment
15. Statementרבי עקיבא: it depends whether the offering was ever fit
16. Statementרבי שמעון: No Washing for Any Disqualified חטאת
17. QuestionWhat Is רבי שמעון's Source?
18. ResponseTwo Words Leave Out Two Cases
19. Responseרבי עקיבא Uses "It" for Something Else
20. Responseרבי שמעון Doesn't Need a פסוק for תרומה
21. Statementמשנה: Only Blood Received in a כלי and Fit for Sprinkling
22. ProofSource: Blood from the Neck Is Not Fit for Sprinkling
23. ProofSource: Blood Already Sprinkled Is Left Out
24. StatementQuoting the משנה: blood that spilled on the floor