Gemara Clarity

Zevachim 98a

זבחים צ״ח ע״א

Learn Zevachim 98a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 98a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Learning rules for all קרבנות from the list in the פסוק 'זאת התורה לעולה למנחה ולחטאת ולאשם ולמלואים ולזבח השלמים' (ויקרא 7:37)

Overview

This amud opens by closing an earlier question: two different תנאים learn the same rule (that only male כהנים eat the communal שלמים) from two different sources. Then the גמרא goes through the פסוק that lists the קרבנות (ויקרא 7:37) and shows how each name teaches a rule for all the others. From חטאת we learn that absorbed meat makes things holy. From אשם we learn that a שפיר and שליא are not holy, and the גמרא names two opinions this תנא must hold. From מלואים we learn that leftovers are burned, though never a living animal, and from שלמים we learn the laws of פיגול. Next comes a ברייתא in the name of רבי עקיבא, which learns the absorption rule from מנחה. The גמרא explains why the תורה had to write that rule for both מנחה and חטאת. רבי עקיבא's ברייתא then learns from חטאת that every קרבן comes from חולין, is offered by day, and is done with the right hand. רב חסדא gives the source for the חולין rule, and the גמרא shows that the daytime and right-hand rules were mentioned only in passing, or that the ברייתא follows רבי שמעון. The ברייתא ends with אשם, teaching that the bones of every listed קרבן are permitted. Finally, רבא begins a new teaching, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

אִיכָּא דְּנָפְקָא לֵיהּ מֵהָכָא,

There is one who derives it from here,

וְאִיכָּא דְּנָפְקָא לֵיהּ מֵהָכָא.

and there is one who derives it from there.

״חַטָּאת״ – מָה חַטָּאת מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת בְּבָלוּעַ,

"Sin offering": just as a sin offering sanctifies through what is absorbed,

אַף כֹּל מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת בְּבָלוּעַ.

so too all of them sanctify through what is absorbed.

The steps (18)

  1. ResolutionTwo תנאים, two sources for the same rule
  2. StatementSin offering: absorbed meat makes things holy
  3. StatementGuilt offering: fetal sac and placenta are not holy
  4. StatementWhat this תנא must hold
  5. StatementInauguration offering: leftovers are burned, but not live animals
  6. StatementFrom peace offerings: every listed offering follows the rules of פיגול
  7. Statementרבי עקיבא's ברייתא: absorption learned from the meal offering
  8. ResolutionWhy the Torah wrote absorption for both the meal offering and the sin offering
  9. StatementFrom the sin offering: non-sacred animals, daytime, and the right hand
  10. QuestionHow do we know a sin offering must come from non-sacred property?
  11. Responseרב חסדא: "which is his" means from his own property
  12. ChallengeDaytime is already learned from another verse
  13. ResolutionThe ברייתא mentioned it only in passing
  14. ChallengeThe right-hand rule is already taught by ריש לקיש
  15. ResolutionAgain, mentioned only in passing
  16. ResolutionOr: the ברייתא follows רבי שמעון
  17. StatementFrom אשם: the bones of every listed offering are permitted
  18. Statementרבא begins a new teaching