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Zevachim 98b

זבחים צ״ח ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 98b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Blood and stains layered on a garment (כיבוס and חציצה), then the new פרק's משנה on which כהנים receive a share of the קדשים and hides.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a ruling: חטאת blood soaked in underneath, with עולה blood on top, still requires כיבוס. רבא asks about the reverse order and decides that no laundering is needed, because what counts is the garment absorbing the חטאת blood. רבא then teaches that a stain on a garment is a חציצה during טבילה, unless the owner's work makes that stain normal for him, like a טבח with blood or a מוכר רבב with fat. He asks about a garment with both blood and fat. The גמרא shows the question is only real for someone who does both jobs, and it ends in תיקו. With that, פרק דם חטאת ends. A new משנה begins about which כהנים get a share of the קדשים. A טבול יום, a מחוסר כפורים and an אונן get no share, while בעלי מומין do get a share and eat but may not offer. The משנה's general rule is that a כהן unfit for עבודה gets no meat and no hides, even if he was טמא only at the sprinkling of the blood. Its source is the פסוק that gives the portion to 'the one who offers the blood.'

Opening lines

דַּם חַטָּאת לְמַטָּה

The blood of a sin offering is below

וְדַם עוֹלָה לְמַעְלָה,

and the blood of a burnt offering is above,

טָעוּן כִּיבּוּס.

it requires laundering.

בָּעֵי רָבָא:

Rava asks:

The steps (15)

  1. StatementSin-offering blood below and burnt-offering blood above
  2. Questionרבא asks about the reverse order
  3. Responseרבא resolves: no laundering needed
  4. StatementStains as a barrier during immersion
  5. Questionרבא asks about blood and fat together
  6. ChallengeThe question seems pointless
  7. ResolutionThe case of someone with both jobs
  8. ConclusionThe question stays unresolved
  9. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק דם חטאת
  10. StatementA טבול יום and a מחוסר כפורים get no share of the meat
  11. StatementThe אונן may touch the meat but may not offer or take a share
  12. StatementBlemished כהנים get a share and eat but do not offer
  13. StatementGeneral rule: no service, no meat; no meat, no hides
  14. StatementImpure at the blood, pure at the fats: still no meat
  15. ProofThe source: the meat goes to the one who offers the blood