Arachin 22a

ערכין כ״ב ע״א

Arakhin 22a

Learn Arachin 22a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

How long a court announces a sale of orphans' or הקדש property, and when it may sell young orphans' property to pay a debt or a כתובה.

Overview

A ברייתא gives three opinions on how long a court must announce a sale of orphans' property and of הקדש property. רב חסדא, quoting אבימי, rules sixty days for orphans and says this follows רבי מאיר. He explains that רבי מאיר's thirty days means announcing every day, while sixty days means announcing only on Mondays and Thursdays. The גמרא then brings a dispute about when the court may sell young orphans' property to pay a debt at all. רב אסי says only when interest is eating into it. רבי יוחנן adds a widow's כתובה, because her food support keeps costing the estate. A משנה, a משנה in גיטין, and a ברייתא are each brought as challenges, and the answers end with the idea that these cases are about a father who admitted he still owed. A story about a divorced woman's כתובה shows another version of רבי יוחנן's reason: חינא, so that she can remarry. Finally, רב נחמן explains why he began collecting from orphans, and the הלכה follows רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע: we hold back only when there is a doubt whether the father already paid.

Opening lines

The steps (44)

1. StatementThree opinions on how long to announce a sale
2. StatementThe ruling: orphans' property is announced for sixty days
3. QuestionDid you say sixty or thirty?
4. QuestionOrphans' property or consecrated property?
5. QuestionWhose opinion does the ruling follow?
6. ChallengeBut רבי מאיר said thirty!
7. ResolutionThirty days means announcing on consecutive days
8. ResolutionMonday and Thursday announcing takes sixty days
9. StatementWhen the court sells orphans' property to pay a debt
10. QuestionWhy רב אסי leaves out the כתובה
11. QuestionWhy רבי יוחנן still includes the כתובה
12. ChallengeThe משנה seems to sell even with no interest
13. ChallengeThe משנה fits רבי יוחנן but seems to contradict רב אסי
14. Rejectionרב אסי answers that רבי יוחנן has a problem too
15. ResolutionThe widow claimed her כתובה in court, so her food support stopped
16. ChallengeIf the orphans lose nothing, why should the court act at all?
17. ResolutionOnce the court started her case, it finishes it
18. ChallengeBack to the problem for רב אסי
19. ResolutionA non-Jewish creditor who accepted Jewish law
20. ChallengeIf He Accepted Jewish Law, Why Does He Still Take Interest?
21. ResolutionHe Accepted Only the Thirty-Day Wait
22. ChallengeChallenge From the Rule of Collecting From Orphans' Poorest Land
23. ChallengeFine for רבי יוחנן, a Problem for רב אסי
24. Challengeרב אסי Fires Back: רבי יוחנן's Reading Has a Problem Too
25. ResolutionThe משנה Follows רבי מאיר
26. ChallengeThe גיטין משנה still challenges רב אסי
27. ResolutionA non-Jewish creditor who accepted Jewish law
28. ChallengeThen he should not charge interest either
29. ResolutionHe accepted one rule but not the other
30. ChallengeA ברייתא about selling orphans' land for a כתובה or a debt
31. ChallengeThe כתובה part is hard for רב אסי
32. ResolutionThe father admitted he still owed
33. ConclusionThe admission answer explains every case
34. StatementA divorced woman collects her כתובה from orphans' property
35. Challengeרבינא objects using רב אסי and רבי יוחנן
36. ChallengeEven רבי יוחנן only allows it for a widow
37. Resolutionרבי יוחנן's reason is חינא, which fits a divorced woman too
38. Statementרב נחמן changes his practice about orphans' property
39. QuestionWhy did רב נחמן hold back at first?
40. ResponsePaying a debt is a מצוה, and young orphans are not obligated
41. ResponseMaybe the father already paid
42. QuestionWhat is the practical difference?
43. ResponseCases where the debt is clearly still owed
44. ConclusionRuling from ארץ ישראל: we follow רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע