Gemara Clarity

Arachin 24a

ערכין כ״ד ע״א

Arakhin 24a

Learn Arachin 24a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Arachin 24a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Items left to one who owes הקדש, the end of שום היתומים, and consecrating an inherited field near the יובל

Overview

This amud finishes the chapter שום היתומים and begins a new chapter. First the גמרא explains several lines of the משנה about סידור בערכין. A poor person who owes an ערך is left his basic needs, based on the פסוק 'ואם מך הוא מערכך'. The same word הוּא shows that his wife and children are not included. It then explains why the רבנן do not let a farmer keep his oxen, and why the משנה needed to teach the single-tool case and רב יימר's ruling about תפילין in a sale. A new משנה teaches that the treasurer may not take the clothing of a man's wife and children, and that הקדש values items only by their present place and time. A ברייתא gives the פסוק for this. After the הדרן, a new משנה gives timing rules for consecrating and redeeming an inherited field near the יובל. רב and שמואל explain that the two-year rule is money-saving advice, not a ban. Then they argue about consecrating in the יובל year itself, and the גמרא defends שמואל by tying his view to רבי שמעון.

Opening lines

״וְאִם מָךְ הוּא מֵעֶרְכֶּךָ״ —

"But if he is too poor for your valuation"

הַחֲיֵיהוּ מֵעֶרְכֶּךָ.

Sustain him from your valuation.

אֲבָל לֹא לְאִשְׁתּוֹ וּבָנָיו וְכוּ׳.

But not for his wife and his children, etc.

מַאי טַעְמָא?

What is the reason?

The steps (22)

  1. StatementThe verse teaches: keep him alive from the ערך
  2. QuestionWhy not his wife and children?
  3. ResponseThe word 'he' excludes the family
  4. QuestionWhy do the רבנן disagree about the farmer's oxen?
  5. ResponseAnimals are property, not tools
  6. ChallengeWhy teach the case of only one tool? It is obvious
  7. ResolutionWhy the single-tool rule needed to be taught
  8. Statementרב יימר takes the תפילין of a man who sold his property
  9. ChallengeWhy do we need the story if the משנה already says it?
  10. ResolutionSelling is different from consecrating
  11. StatementThe treasurer may not take the clothing of the wife and children
  12. StatementThe treasury gets only the current place and time value
  13. ProofThe verse source for valuing an item as it is today
  14. StatementUnspecified consecrations go to Temple upkeep
  15. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק שום היתומים
  16. StatementConsecrating and redeeming an inherited field near the יובל
  17. ChallengeA ברייתא contradicts the משנה about consecrating before the יובל
  18. ResolutionThe two-year rule is advice, not a ban
  19. Statementרב and שמואל disagree about consecrating in the יובל year itself
  20. Challengeרב יוסף begins challenging שמואל: the קל וחומר works for selling
  21. ChallengeFor a consecrated field, the קל וחומר seems to fall apart
  22. Resolutionשמואל follows רבי שמעון: the כהנים take the field without paying