Bava Kamma 30a

בבא קמא ל׳ ע״א

Learn Bava Kamma 30a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Bava Kamma 30a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Settling a contradiction in רבי אלעזר's statements, then the new משנה about hazards placed in רשות הרבים (spilled water, hidden thorns and glass, thorn fences, a fallen wall), and רב's limit on the water case.

Overview

The עמוד opens by finishing a question from the previous page: רבי אלעזר ruled one way but quoted his teacher רבי ישמעאל saying the opposite. The answer is simple: one ruling is his own, and the other is his teacher's. A new משנה then makes a person liable for hazards he puts in רשות הרבים, such as spilled water, hidden thorns or glass, a thorn fence, or a fallen wall. רב limits the water case to dirtied clothes, and the גמרא explains why this case and the earlier jug case are both needed: one is about summer and the other about the rainy season. רבי יוחנן limits the thorn case to thorns that stick out into the street, and the גמרא discusses who pays when thorns hidden in someone else's wall fall out, and when a pit is covered with someone else's bucket. Stories of חסידים who got rid of their thorns completely lead to sayings about how to become a חסיד. A second משנה makes a person liable for straw, hay, and dung left in the street. The גמרא asks whether that fits רבי יהודה, who allows fertilizer in the street, and goes back and forth over whether permission frees a person from paying. רב נחמן answers that the משנה is about a time outside fertilizer season, and רב אשי begins another answer that continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

The steps (33)

1. ChallengeFinishing the challenge from רבי ישמעאל's teaching
2. ResolutionOne ruling is his own, the other is his teacher's
3. Statementמשנה: pouring water in the public area
4. Statementמשנה: hidden thorns and glass, thorn fences, and a fallen wall
5. Statementרב: liable only for dirtied clothes, not bodily injury
6. Challengeרב הונא: The water should be no better than his own filth
7. Resolutionרב: I am talking about water that already soaked in
8. ChallengeWhy do we need two משניות for the same law?
9. ResolutionOne case is in summer and one is in the rainy season
10. ProofA ברייתא shows the difference between summer and the rainy season
11. Statementרבי יוחנן limits the hidden thorn ruling to thorns sticking out
12. QuestionWhy is he exempt when the thorns stay inside?
13. ResponsePeople don't usually rub against walls
14. StatementThorns hidden in a friend's wall that he knocked down
15. Statementרבי יוחנן limits the ברייתא to a shaky wall
16. Statementרבינא's lesson: covering a pit with someone else's bucket
17. ChallengeIsn't this obvious?
18. ResolutionThe new point: the bucket owner does not have to warn the pit owner
19. StatementHow the early pious people buried their thorns and glass
20. Statementרב ששת and רבא destroyed their thorns completely
21. Statementרב יהודה: a would-be pious person should keep the laws of damages
22. Statementרבא: the matters of אבות, or of ברכות
23. Statementמשנה: straw and hay left in the public domain
24. Statementרבן שמעון בן גמליאל: every public obstacle follows this rule
25. StatementTurning over dung in the public domain
26. QuestionDoes the משנה disagree with רבי יהודה?
27. Proofרבי יהודה allows fertilizer in the street for thirty days
28. Rejectionרבי יהודה may agree that one pays for damage
29. Challengeרבי יהודה exempts a נר חנוכה because it had permission
30. ResolutionThe נר חנוכה is exempt because it is a מצוה
31. ChallengeA ברייתא shows רבי יהודה exempts anyone allowed to block the street
32. Resolutionרב נחמן: the משנה is outside fertilizer season
33. Resolutionרב אשי begins a different answer