Gemara Clarity

Beitzah 12b

ביצה י״ב ע״ב

Learn Beitzah 12b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Beitzah 12b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Lashes for kindling on יום טוב and the rule of מתוך; then whether חלה, the priestly gifts and תרומה may be brought to a כהן on יום טוב, and whether one may husk kernels on יום טוב.

Overview

The amud opens at the end of a ברייתא that gives lashes for kindling a fire on יום טוב. רבי יוחנן rejects it. If the ברייתא is reliable, it can only follow בית שמאי, who do not accept the rule of מתוך: once something is allowed on יום טוב for a need, it is allowed even without one. A new משנה follows. בית שמאי forbid bringing חלה and the priestly gifts to a כהן on יום טוב, and בית הלל permit it. The two sides argue over whether these gifts are like תרומה, which may not be separated on יום טוב. The גמרא quotes three versions of this argument, from רבי יהודה, רבי יוסי and אחרים, and works out which ones fit the משנה. רבא shows that the משנה can fit רבי יהודה, and the גמרא adds that it can fit אחרים too. The only difference between those two is טפלה. The הלכה follows רבי יוסי, so even תרומה may be brought to a כהן on יום טוב, as the story of רב טובי's wine shows. Finally, רבא allows husking kernels on יום טוב. אביי challenges this twice, and the גמרא's answer to the second challenge, about separating תרומה, continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

מִשּׁוּם הַבְעָרָה.

because of kindling.

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: פּוֹק תְּנִי לְבָרָא,

He said to him: Go out and teach it outside,

הַבְעָרָה וּבִשּׁוּל אֵינָהּ מִשְׁנָה.

kindling and cooking are not a real teaching.

וְאִם תִּמְצָא לוֹמַר מִשְׁנָה —

And if you insist on saying it is a real teaching —

The steps (32)

  1. StatementThe last item in the ברייתא: lashes for kindling
  2. Rejectionרבי יוחנן throws the ברייתא out
  3. ResolutionIf the ברייתא is reliable, it follows בית שמאי
  4. ConclusionWhy it cannot follow בית הלל
  5. StatementNew משנה: bringing חלה and gifts to a כהן on יום טוב
  6. Proofבית שמאי compare the gifts to תרומה
  7. Rejectionבית הלל reject the comparison
  8. QuestionWhose view does the משנה follow?
  9. ResponseIt follows אחרים
  10. Proofרבי יהודה's version of the argument
  11. Statementבית שמאי's comparison in רבי יהודה's ברייתא
  12. Rejectionבית הלל's answer in רבי יהודה's ברייתא
  13. Statementרבי יוסי: the argument was only about תרומה
  14. Statementבית הלל's reasoning: all gifts to the כהן are alike
  15. Rejectionבית שמאי reject the comparison
  16. Statementאחרים: the argument was only about the gifts
  17. QuestionSuggestion: the משנה follows אחרים, not רבי יהודה
  18. Rejectionרבא: 'separated today' does not mean 'slaughtered today'
  19. QuestionThen the משנה follows רבי יהודה, not אחרים?
  20. ResponseIt can also follow אחרים, about animals slaughtered yesterday
  21. ChallengeThen אחרים say the same thing as רבי יהודה
  22. ResolutionThe difference: טפלה, old gifts brought along with today's
  23. ConclusionThe הלכה follows רבי יוסי
  24. Questionרב טובי asks about bringing תרומה wine to a כהן
  25. Responseרב יוסף answers with שמואל's ruling
  26. QuestionA host asks about crushing mustard stalks on יום טוב
  27. Responseרבא: husking kernels and crushing legumes is allowed on יום טוב
  28. Challengeאביי challenges from a ברייתא: the שבת case
  29. ChallengeThe יום טוב case: husking is allowed only on the day before
  30. ResolutionThe ברייתא's wording may just copy its first part
  31. ChallengeIf husking is allowed, a person would separate תרומה on יום טוב
  32. ResolutionThe גמרא begins to answer: there is no difficulty