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Chagigah 19a

חגיגה י״ט ע״א

Learn Chagigah 19a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chagigah 19a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Does טבילה need כוונה for חולין versus מעשר, when may a person decide what his טבילה is for, and רבי יהודה's view that a foot still in the water counts as being in the מקוה.

Overview

The amud opens with the end of an answer: when a person immerses for חולין, no כוונה is needed, but for מעשר it is. The גמרא tries to prove the חולין rule from a wave that falls on a person and on כלים. That proof is pushed off, so it brings a better proof from fruit that fell into a water channel. רבה then challenges רב נחמן twice from the wording of our משנה. רב נחמן answers both times, and a ברייתא backs him up. רבי אלעזר teaches that a person may choose his level of purity even after coming up from the water. A ברייתא about one foot still in the water is explained so that it fits his view, and רבי פדת says that ברייתא follows רבי יהודה. Two versions of רבה בר אבוה's statement disagree about where רבי יהודה's leniency applies. Finally, עולא asks whether רבי יהודה holds גוד אסיק. רבי יוחנן answers from the case of three pools in a stream, and a challenge from another ברייתא begins at the end of the amud and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

כָּאן לְמַעֲשֵׂר.

here, it is for tithes.

וּמְנָא תֵּימְרָא

And from where do you say

דְּחוּלִּין לָא בָּעוּ כַּוּוֹנָה —

that non-sacred food does not require intention?

דִּתְנַן: גַּל שֶׁנִּתְלַשׁ

As we learned in a mishna: a wave that became detached

The steps (26)

  1. ResolutionEnd of the answer: the other ברייתא is about מעשר
  2. QuestionWhat is the source that חולין needs no intention?
  3. ProofProof from a wave that falls on a person and on כלים
  4. RejectionMaybe the משנה is about someone waiting for the wave
  5. ChallengeIf he was waiting, what does the משנה add?
  6. ResolutionThe new point: no גזירה against a wave
  7. ProofA source that you cannot immerse in the arc of a wave
  8. ProofA new proof from fruit that fell into a water channel
  9. Challengeרבה challenges רב נחמן from the wording of our משנה
  10. Resolutionרב נחמן rereads the words 'was considered pure for חולין'
  11. Challengeרבה challenges again from 'as if he did not immerse'
  12. ResolutionOnly 'as if he did not immerse' for מעשר
  13. Proofרבה finds a ברייתא that agrees with רב נחמן
  14. Statementרבי אלעזר: decide after coming up
  15. ChallengeA ברייתא about one foot still in the water
  16. ChallengeReading the ברייתא as 'no status at all'
  17. ResolutionThe ברייתא only blocks changing a status already chosen
  18. QuestionWhich תנא holds that one foot in the water counts?
  19. Responseרבי פדת says it is רבי יהודה
  20. ProofThe משנה of two people in a מקוה of exactly forty סאה
  21. StatementThe argument is only about rabbinic extra-purity levels
  22. StatementSecond version: the argument is only about real impurity
  23. Questionעולא asks about immersing needles on the first person's head
  24. QuestionThe question depends on stretching down versus stretching up
  25. Responseרבי יוחנן answers from the case of three pools in a stream
  26. Challengeעולא begins a challenge from another teaching of רבי יהודה