Eruvin 73a

עירובין ע״ג ע״א

Learn Eruvin 73a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Who counts as one household for עירוב and תחום: eating place vs. sleeping place, and dependents who share one table

Overview

This amud asks what makes a place a person's 'home' for שבת. רב says it is where he eats (מקום פיתא), and שמואל says it is where he sleeps (מקום לינה). The גמרא defends רב against a ברייתא about field workers: they would really prefer to eat in the field, so that is their true eating place. אביי reminds his forgetful teacher רב יוסף that he himself taught רב's view, by explaining that the brothers in the משנה only receive food portions (מקבלי פרס) and eat at home. A ברייתא then argues about wives and slaves who receive portions, and the גמרא rules that a תלמיד who eats at his רבי's table needs no separate עירוב. רבה rules that a group that already joined gives one עירוב share, and he explains that the משנה's brothers need separate shares only when other residents live with them. רב ששת rules that students who sleep at their רב's house measure their תחום from there, because they would gladly eat there too (אנן סהדי). A ברייתא teaches that a father and son, or a רב and his תלמיד, living alone count as individuals. Finally, a new משנה begins: courtyards joined by an עירוב still need a שיתוף to carry in their shared מבוי.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. Statementרב says eating place, שמואל says sleeping place
2. ChallengeChallenge from the field workers' ברייתא
3. ResolutionThe workers would rather eat in the field too
4. Statementרב יוסף does not remember this teaching
5. Proofאביי recalls the mishnah about the brothers
6. ChallengeThe students' question: does sleeping decide?
7. ResolutionThe brothers only receive food portions
8. StatementA ברייתא: wives and slaves who receive food portions
9. Proofרב's source for רבי יהודה בן בבא: דניאל at the king's gate
10. StatementSumming up: son, wife, and slave
11. QuestionThe new question: a student living with his teacher
12. ResponseStudents who eat at their teacher's table need no עירוב
13. QuestionFive residents who already joined: is one share enough for the next courtyard?
14. Responseרבה answers that one share covers them all
15. ChallengeChallenge from the brothers in the משנה
16. ResolutionThe משנה speaks of a courtyard with other residents
17. ProofThe משנה's own wording supports רבה
18. QuestionStudents who eat in one place and sleep in another
19. ResponseWe measure from where they sleep
20. ChallengeChallenge from an עירוב placed away from home
21. ResolutionIn each case we go by what the person really wants
22. QuestionDo a father and son count as many people or as one?
23. Responseרב חסדא answers from a ברייתא: they count as individuals
24. StatementNew משנה: five connected courtyards that also open to an alley