Gittin 30b

גיטין ל׳ ע״ב

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Topic

Repaying loans through gifts to the poor, כהנים, and לויים (death, wealth, and heirs), and a ברייתא about holding a לוי's מעשר

Overview

This amud finishes the discussion of a homeowner who lends money to a poor person, a כהן, or a לוי, and is paid back by keeping their share of the gifts. First the גמרא shows the practical difference between רבי אליעזר בן יעקב and רבי אחאי: the case of poor כותים. A ברייתא teaches that if the poor man becomes rich, the arrangement ends and he keeps the money. The חכמים made a fix for death but not for wealth, because death is common and wealth is rare, and רב פפא quotes a folk saying that makes the same point. Next, רבי יוחנן explains that the lender can continue with the heirs only if they inherited land, not money. רבי יונתן and רבי יוחנן then argue over how much can be collected from a small plot, and the גמרא compares this to a case in אביי's court. Finally, a ברייתא about a ישראל holding a לוי's מעשר gets three explanations, from אביי, רב משרשיא, and רב אשי. רב אשי's reading stands, based on the view of אבא אלעזר בן גמלא, whose proof from a פסוק continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (21)

1. ResponseThe practical difference: poor כותים
2. StatementIf the poor man became rich, the arrangement ends
3. ChallengeWhy a fix for death but not for wealth?
4. ResolutionDeath is common, wealth is not
5. Statementרב פפא's folk saying about death and wealth
6. Statementרבי: permission is needed from heirs who inherited
7. ChallengeAren't all heirs people who inherit?
8. Resolutionרבי יוחנן: heirs who inherited land, not money
9. Statementרבי יונתן: collect only as much as the land is worth
10. Statementרבי יוחנן: even a tiny plot allows full collection
11. ProofLike the case of the small field in אביי's court
12. StatementA ברייתא about a ישראל holding a לוי's מעשר
13. QuestionWhat is the ברייתא saying?
14. Responseאביי: the ישראל paid for it, and the לוי may have used it as תרומת מעשר
15. ChallengeWould a לוי sell his מעשר and then still use it?
16. Resolutionרב משרשיא: the לוי's son is paid after his father's death
17. ChallengeCareful people do not separate from produce that is far away
18. Resolutionרב אשי: did the owner already take off the תרומת מעשר?
19. ChallengeCan the owner separate תרומת מעשר at all?
20. ResolutionYes, this follows אבא אלעזר בן גמלא
21. ProofThe source for אבא אלעזר בן גמלא's view