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Gittin 82b

גיטין פ״ב ע״ב

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Topic

A גט or קידושין that excludes certain men: the dispute between רבי אליעזר and the רבנן, its sources, and אביי's follow-up cases

Overview

This amud opens at the end of a ברייתא. When a גט leaves out one man, רבי אליעזר lets her marry anyone else, and the חכמים say the גט does not work. In the ברייתא's case, which works through a condition, רבי אליעזר compares it to any ordinary condition. The רבנן answer that this condition holds back part of the גט. For the משנה's 'חוץ' case, רבי אליעזר's reason comes from a פסוק. רבי ינאי, quoting an elder, learns it from 'וְהָיְתָה לְאִישׁ אַחֵר', and רבי יוחנן learns it from 'גְּרוּשָׁה מֵאִישָׁהּ'. The רבנן answer each proof. רבי אבא then asks whether קידושין with an exception works, and concludes that קידושין follows the same rule as a גט according to both opinions. אביי uses this to rule on a case of two brothers who each betrothed the same woman, and to explain when she would be 'the wife of two dead men.' Finally, אביי asks what happens when a husband excludes two men in a גט and then says 'to ראובן and שמעון'. That question continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

שֶׁרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מַתִּיר

that Rabbi Eliezer permits

לְכׇל אָדָם חוּץ מֵאוֹתוֹ הָאִישׁ,

her to marry any man except for that man,

וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִים.

and the Rabbis forbid.

מַאי טַעְמָא דְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר?

What is the reason of Rabbi Eliezer?

The steps (20)

  1. StatementThe dispute: free for everyone except one man
  2. QuestionAsking for רבי אליעזר's reason in the ברייתא
  3. ResponseJust like any ordinary condition
  4. RejectionThe רבנן: this condition holds back part of the גט
  5. QuestionWhat is רבי אליעזר's reason in the משנה's 'חוץ' case?
  6. ResponseLearning from 'and becomes another man's wife'
  7. RejectionThe רבנן: 'man' means every man
  8. Responseרבי יוחנן's source: the verse about priests
  9. RejectionThe רבנן: the כהונה rule is a special case
  10. Questionרבי אבא asks: what about קידושין with an exception?
  11. QuestionThe two sides of the question for רבי אליעזר
  12. QuestionThe same question according to the רבנן
  13. Responseרבי אבא answers his own question
  14. Statementאביי's case of two brothers who each married her with an exception
  15. StatementWhy she is not the wife of two dead men
  16. QuestionSo when would she be the wife of two dead men?
  17. ResponseA case where both betrothals take effect
  18. Questionאביי asks about a גט where the exception is changed
  19. QuestionTwo ways to understand the husband's second words
  20. QuestionOpening the next layer of the question