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Horayos 9a

הוריות ט׳ ע״א

Horayot 9a

Learn Horayos 9a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Horayos 9a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Who is exempt from the sliding-scale offering, the משנה's summary of offerings by rank, and a contradiction in רבי שמעון's ברייתא about the מָשִׁיחַ

Overview

The amud opens with a ברייתא teaching that the sliding-scale offering (קרבן עולה ויורד) is only for someone who can become poor or rich. That leaves out the נשיא and the מָשִׁיחַ, who never become poor. רבינא asks about a king who got צרעת, and רב נחמן בר יצחק answers that he still pays from his own treasury, so he stays exempt. רבי עקיבא holds that the מָשִׁיחַ is exempt from all these offerings, and רבא learns this from the כהן גדול's own flour offering. The גמרא defends this view with ״מֵאַחַת מֵאֵלֶּה״, which ties all three levels of the offering together. It then explains why ״לְאַחַת מֵאֵלֶּה״ does not work the same way. A new משנה then sums up which offering the יחיד, the נשיא, the מָשִׁיחַ and the בית דין each bring for different sins. The גמרא quotes רבי שמעון's ברייתא and points out that it seems to contradict itself about the מָשִׁיחַ. The answer comes on the next amud.

Opening lines

״לֹא תַגִּיעַ יָדוֹ״,

"And if his means do not reach"

וְנֶאֱמַר ״לֹא תַשִּׂיג יָדוֹ״ –

and it says: "And if his means do not suffice"

מִי שֶׁבָּא לִידֵי עֲנִיּוּת וַעֲשִׁירוּת.

this means someone who can come to poverty and to wealth.

יָצָא נָשִׂיא וּמָשִׁיחַ,

This leaves out a king and an anointed priest,

The steps (23)

  1. ProofOnly someone who can become poor brings this offering
  2. ProofWhy a king never becomes poor
  3. ProofWhy the כהן גדול never becomes poor
  4. StatementIf the כהן גדול has no money, his brothers make him rich
  5. QuestionWhat about a king who got צרעת?
  6. ResponseHe still pays from his own treasury
  7. Statementרבי עקיבא: the מָשִׁיחַ is exempt from all of them
  8. Proofרבא gives רבי עקיבא's source
  9. ChallengeMaybe he is only exempt from the flour offering
  10. ResolutionAll the levels go together
  11. ChallengeThen the king should be all-or-nothing too
  12. Resolutionרבי עקיבא learns only from ״מֵאַחַת״
  13. QuestionWhy is ״מֵאַחַת״ different?
  14. ResponseIt is placed right at the flour offering
  15. StatementThe sin-offering for regular sins that carry כרת
  16. StatementThe offering for accidental idol worship
  17. StatementWho brings the two kinds of guilt-offering
  18. StatementWho is liable for the three special sins
  19. StatementThe sliding-scale offering, and רבי אליעזר's view on the נשיא
  20. Statementרבי שמעון's general rule for the guilt-offerings
  21. StatementThe ברייתא lists who is liable for the sliding-scale sins
  22. ChallengeThe first part implies the משיח is liable for two sins
  23. ChallengeThe last part implies the משיח is exempt from all of them