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Kereisos 8b

כריתות ח׳ ע״ב

Keritot 8b

Learn Kereisos 8b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

End of the dispute about one offering for many births, the הדרן for פרק שלשים ושש, and the new פרק on מחוסרי כפרה, including the offerings of a גר

Overview

The גמרא finishes the dispute between רבי יוחנן בן נורי and רבי עקיבא. Both agree that a woman's offerings work like טבילות, where one can cover many obligations, and they argue only about whether we worry she will become careless. The first פרק then ends with a הדרן. The new פרק opens with a משנה listing four people who are מחוסרי כפרה (זב, זבה, יולדת, מצורע). רבי אליעזר בן יעקב adds a גר and a נזיר. The גמרא explains that זב and זבה are counted separately because the core cause of their טומאה differs, while a male and female מצורע both become טמא through a נגע the size of a גריס. It then explains why the first תנא leaves out a גר and a נזיר: their offerings do not permit eating קדשים. Finally, a ברייתא sets out a גר's offerings: an עולה and שלמים, a single animal, or a pair of birds that are both עולות, but not a מנחה.

Opening lines

חָמֵשׁ אֲשָׁמוֹת תְּלוּיִין,

Five provisional guilt offerings,

כִּי מַיְיתֵי חַד מִי מִיפְּטַר?

when he brings one, is he exempt?

וְהָתַנְיָא, זֶה הַכְּלָל:

But isn't it taught: this is the rule:

כֹּל שֶׁחֲלוּקִין בְּחַטָּאוֹת –

wherever they are counted separately for sin offerings,

The steps (34)

  1. ChallengeOne guilt offering cannot cover five
  2. ResolutionEveryone compares to immersions; the argument is about carelessness
  3. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק שלשים ושש
  4. StatementNew chapter: four lacking atonement, four who bring for deliberate sin
  5. StatementThe four people who lack atonement
  6. StatementA convert and a nazirite are also added
  7. QuestionWhy count the זב and זבה separately?
  8. ResponseTheir impurity works differently
  9. ProofSources from two ברייתות
  10. ConclusionThe זבה's rules, the opposite side
  11. ChallengeMale and female lepers also have different rules
  12. ProofA woman can be a leper too
  13. ProofThe word "man" teaches the woman's exemptions
  14. ChallengeSo count male and female lepers as two
  15. ResolutionOnly a difference in the core cause of טומאה counts
  16. StatementQuoting רבי אליעזר בן יעקב's addition of a convert
  17. QuestionWhy doesn't the first תנא list a convert?
  18. ResponseThe first תנא lists only those whose offering lets them eat sacrificial food
  19. QuestionWhy doesn't the first תנא list a nazirite?
  20. ResponseA nazirite's offering permits ordinary wine, not sacrificial food
  21. ChallengeThen רבי אליעזר בן יעקב should also list an impure nazirite
  22. ResolutionAn impure nazirite's offering restarts his naziriteship in purity
  23. StatementA convert may eat sacrificial food after bringing just one bird
  24. StatementBoth of a convert's birds are burnt offerings
  25. StatementWhich offerings a convert may bring
  26. QuestionWhy a meal offering with a peace offering fails
  27. ResponseA convert must bring what our ancestors brought
  28. ChallengeThen one animal should not be enough
  29. Resolutionרב פפא: if a bird works, surely an animal does
  30. ChallengeThen a meal offering should work too
  31. ResolutionThe word "כן" excludes a meal offering
  32. QuestionWhere is the bird offering included?
  33. ResponseThe ברייתא repeats the basic rule for a גר
  34. ResponseThe bird עולה is included because it is entirely for ה׳