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Kiddushin 57b

קידושין נ״ז ע״ב

Learn Kiddushin 57b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kiddushin 57b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which items in the משנה are forbidden for benefit, and their sources: the מצורע's bird, שער נזיר, פטר חמור, בשר בחלב, and חולין slaughtered in the עזרה

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the question of how we know which of the מצורע's two birds is permitted. The claim that living creatures are never forbidden is challenged twice, first with מוקצה ונעבד and then by רבי ירמיה with רובע ונרבע. It is finally reworded: most living creatures are not forbidden. דבי רבי ישמעאל learns the same thing from 'השדה', and רבא learns it from the idea that the Torah would not create a תקלה. The גמרא then goes through the items in the משנה that cannot be used for קידושין. שער נזיר is forbidden because the hair's growth is 'קדוש', though it cannot be redeemed like הקדש. פטר חמור is explained as being after עריפה, so everyone agrees it is forbidden. בשר בחלב is forbidden for benefit because the פסוק is written three times, against רבי שמעון בן יהודה. For חולין slaughtered in the עזרה, רבי יוחנן's comparison is knocked down, and אביי brings a ברייתא that forbids slaughtering them and even eating them. That ברייתא continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

מוּקְצֶה וְנֶעֱבָד,

An animal set aside for an idol, and an animal that was worshipped,

דְּבַעֲלֵי חַיִּים נִינְהוּ וַאֲסִירִי!

which are living creatures, and yet they are forbidden!

כִּי אֲסִירִי – לְגָבוֹהַּ,

When they are forbidden, it is for the Most High,

לְהֶדְיוֹט – מִישְׁרֵא שְׁרֵי.

but for an ordinary person, they are completely permitted.

The steps (29)

  1. ChallengeChallenge: Some living animals are forbidden
  2. ResolutionAnswer: Forbidden only for the Altar
  3. Challengeרבי ירמיה's challenge: רובע ונרבע
  4. ResolutionReworded: Most living creatures are not forbidden
  5. Statementדבי רבי ישמעאל: The bird is like a field
  6. ChallengeChallenge: 'Field' teaches where to throw
  7. ResolutionAnswer: 'The field' teaches both
  8. Statementרבא: The Torah Would Not Command a Trap
  9. QuestionSource for the נזיר's Hair Being Forbidden
  10. ResponseThe Hair's Growth Is Holy
  11. ChallengeCan the Hair Be Redeemed Like הקדש?
  12. Resolutionקדוש, Not קודש
  13. ChallengeDoes the משנה Go Against רבי שמעון?
  14. ResolutionAfter the Neck Is Broken, Everyone Agrees
  15. QuestionWhat is the source that meat cooked in milk is forbidden for benefit?
  16. ResponseThe verse appears three times: eating, benefit, cooking
  17. StatementOur משנה does not follow רבי שמעון בן יהודה
  18. QuestionWhat is the source for non-sacred animals slaughtered in the Temple courtyard?
  19. ResponseMine in My place, yours in your place
  20. ChallengeShould slaughtering חולין in the עזרה also bring כרת?
  21. Resolutionכרת only for a קרבן
  22. RejectionThe comparison breaks down because of כרת
  23. Responseאביי offers a new source: three extra words
  24. StatementFar from the מקדש you slaughter, but not near it
  25. QuestionIncluding blemished animals
  26. QuestionIncluding wild animals (חיה)
  27. ConclusionIncluding birds through the three extra words
  28. StatementEven after the fact, the meat is forbidden
  29. QuestionDoes the rule cover more than unblemished animals?