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Kiddushin 6a

קידושין ו׳ ע״א

Learn Kiddushin 6a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Wordings for קידושין and גירושין, and giving them without explaining (רבי יוסי)

Overview

The גמרא finishes explaining שמואל: wordings where the man speaks about himself, like 'I am your husband', do nothing, because the פסוק says he takes her and sends her, not himself. A ברייתא lists six phrases that work for קידושין, and the גמרא explains that they are split into two groups only because that is how the תנא learned them. Next the חכמים ask about ten unclear phrases. 'לקוחתי' works because of 'כי יקח'. 'חרופה' works in יהודה, where people use that word for a betrothed woman. The גמרא shows the question must be about a couple already discussing קידושין, where he gave money and also said one of the phrases. The doubt is whether he meant קידושין or was hiring her for work, and it ends in תיקו. The גמרא then studies the משנה of רבי יוסי and רבי יהודה about giving without explaining. The rule needs the couple to still be on the topic, or at least on a related point (אביי), and the הלכה follows רבי יוסי. Someone who does not know this rule should not rule on גיטין and קידושין. Finally the גמרא lists phrases that work for divorce and begins a case of 'you are a free woman', which continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

לִישָּׁנֵי בָּתְרָאֵי קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן:

The last expressions are what he teaches us:

הָכָא כְּתִיב ״כִּי יִקַּח״

Here it is written: 'When he takes'

– וְלֹא שֶׁיַּקַּח אֶת עַצְמוֹ.

and not that he takes himself.

וְהָכָא כְּתִיב ״וְשִׁלְּחָהּ״

And here it is written: 'And he sends her'

The steps (27)

  1. Resolutionשמואל's real point is about the last set of wordings
  2. ProofThe man acts on the woman, not on himself
  3. StatementA ברייתא lists six phrases that create קידושין
  4. ChallengeWhy not list all six together?
  5. ResolutionThe תנא kept the form he learned
  6. QuestionTen unclear phrases: do they work?
  7. Response'My taken one' works, based on 'כי יקח'
  8. QuestionWhat about saying 'my espoused one'?
  9. ResponseA ברייתא says 'my espoused one' works
  10. ChallengeIs יהודה the whole world?
  11. ResolutionThe real source is a פסוק, and יהודה is extra support
  12. ChallengeWhy add a local custom to a פסוק?
  13. ResolutionThe rule applies only in יהודה
  14. ChallengeIf they weren't discussing קידושין, how would she understand?
  15. ChallengeIf they were discussing קידושין, no words are needed at all
  16. ResolutionThe case: they were discussing קידושין, and he gave money while saying one of the phrases
  17. QuestionWas the phrase about קידושין or about hiring her for work? Unresolved
  18. StatementThe משנה itself: giving קידושין or a גט without explaining
  19. StatementTwo אמוראים add a condition: they must still be on that topic
  20. StatementThe same condition is a dispute between תנאים
  21. ChallengeHow would she understand him if the topic had changed?
  22. ResolutionThey moved to a side-topic of the same subject
  23. StatementThe הלכה follows רבי יוסי
  24. QuestionIs someone who missed this ruling unfit to handle גיטין and קידושין?
  25. ResponseYes, he is unfit
  26. StatementPhrases that work for divorce
  27. StatementStarting an obvious case: 'You are a free woman'