Makkos 18a

מכות י״ח ע״א

Makkot 18a

Learn Makkos 18a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The extra verse that gives each kind of קדשים its own לאו, and why רבא counts only five lashings for a זר who eats an עולה outside the wall before זריקה

Overview

The גמרא first explains that the separate prohibitions for eating קדשים outside the wall come from an extra verse in דברים 12:17, not from a קל וחומר. The תורה already listed these offerings earlier, so spelling each one out again gives each its own לאו. Then the גמרא returns to רבא's ruling: according to רבי שמעון, a זר who eats from an עולה before זריקה outside the wall gets five sets of lashes. The גמרא asks why he is not also lashed for the ban on a זר eating holy food. It answers that this ban only covers food that כהנים may eat, and no one eats an עולה. It then asks about the ban on holy meat that left its boundary. It answers that this ban only covers meat that may be eaten inside, which again leaves out an עולה. Finally the גמרא suggests a third possible lashing, based on רבי אליעזר's reading of ״לֹא יֵאָכֵל כִּי קֹדֶשׁ הוּא״, and that discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (8)

1. ResolutionThe verse in דברים 12:17 is extra
2. ConclusionA separate prohibition for each item
3. Statementרבא: a זר who eats an עולה gets five sets of lashes
4. ChallengeWhy not a sixth lashing for a זר eating קדשים?
5. ResolutionThe זר ban only covers food fit for כהנים
6. ChallengeWhy not lashes for meat outside its boundary?
7. ResolutionThe boundary ban only covers meat that may be eaten inside
8. ChallengeShould he also be lashed based on רבי אליעזר's teaching?