Menachos 60b

מנחות ס׳ ע״ב

Menachot 60b

Learn Menachos 60b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 60b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which מנחות need הגשה, and the source for each one: the מנחת חוטא, the מנחת סוטה, the מנחת העומר, and others

Overview

This amud asks which מנחות need הגשה, being brought near to the corner of the מזבח. The ברייתא first tries to prove by logic that the מנחת חוטא needs הגשה, using a הצד השוה from the מנחת נדבה and the מנחת סוטה. That proof breaks down, so the rule comes from the פסוק ״את המנחה״. רבי שמעון then learns the מנחת העומר from ״והבאת״ and the מנחת סוטה from ״והקריבה״, since every logical attempt for the סוטה fails. רבי יהודה learns the סוטה from ״והבאת״ and says the עומר needs no פסוק, because a הצד השוה from the מנחת חוטא and the מנחת סוטה proves it. The two argue over whether the עומר counts as a 'common' offering. The ברייתא next shows that ״אלה״ limits private מנחות to the five kinds, and that ״מאלה״ lets someone who vowed 'a מנחה' bring just one kind. Finally, רבי שמעון includes the מנחות of non-Jews and women in הגשה, but excludes שתי הלחם, לחם הפנים and the מנחת נסכים. The amud ends by asking why the מנחת נסכים is the one excluded, and the answer comes on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (43)

1. ProofComparing the obligatory offering to the voluntary one
2. ChallengeThe voluntary offering has oil and frankincense
3. ResolutionThe סוטה's offering proves oil is not the reason
4. ChallengeThe סוטה's offering has waving
5. ResolutionThe voluntary offering proves waving is not the reason
6. ProofThe common feature: both need a handful, so both need bringing near
7. ChallengeThe shared feature does not fit the sinner's offering
8. ConclusionA verse is needed: "the meal offering"
9. Statementרבי שמעון adds the עומר and the סוטה offerings
10. ChallengeWhy do we need a verse for the מנחת סוטה?
11. RejectionThe sinner's offering is wheat
12. ResolutionThe מנחת העומר proves it
13. ChallengeThe מנחת העומר has oil and frankincense
14. ResolutionThe sinner's offering proves it
15. ProofCombining the two cases into a common element
16. ChallengeThe common element has its own special feature
17. ConclusionSo a verse is needed for the מנחת סוטה
18. Statementרבי יהודה's source for the מנחת סוטה
19. QuestionWhy does the מנחת העומר need no verse?
20. ResponseA קל וחומר from the מנחת חוטא teaches the מנחת העומר
21. ChallengeThe sinner's offering is wheat, but the עומר is barley
22. ResolutionThe סוטה offering shows that barley also needs הגשה
23. ChallengeThe סוטה offering is special because it clarifies a sin
24. ResolutionThe sinner's offering shows that clarifying a sin is not the reason
25. ConclusionThe common feature of both offerings proves the עומר needs הגשה
26. QuestionHow could anyone knock down this proof?
27. Responseרבי שמעון: the two sources are common offerings
28. Rejectionרבי יהודה: actually the עומר is the more common one
29. ChallengeMaybe 'And you shall bring' teaches something else
30. ProofLogic that a private person could bring barley
31. ResolutionThe word 'these' limits private offerings to the five
32. ChallengeMaybe 'these' means bring all five
33. Resolution'Of these' means he may choose
34. Statementרבי שמעון: other מנחות also need הגשה
35. ChallengeShould שתי הלחם and לחם הפנים be included too?
36. Resolution'Of these' keeps them out
37. ChallengeWhy include the other offerings but exclude the two loaves and the shewbread?
38. ResolutionOfferings with a part burned on the fire are included
39. ChallengeWhat about the libation offering, which is burned completely?
40. ResolutionThe word והקריבה excludes the libation offering
41. ChallengeWasn't that word already used for something else?
42. ResolutionThe extra letter ה teaches the second lesson
43. ChallengeWhy exclude the libation offering instead of the other offerings?