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Menachos 73b

מנחות ע״ג ע״ב

Menachot 73b

Learn Menachos 73b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 73b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which offerings a גוי may bring: the מחלוקת between רבי יוסי הגלילי and רבי עקיבא, and the source for רבי שמעון's rule about a כהן's מנחת חוטא.

Overview

This amud opens with the rule that a גוי's שלמים are offered as עולות and burned completely. The גמרא supports the rule with logic (a גוי's heart is fully for Heaven) and with the פסוק "אשר יקריבו לה׳ לעולה". רבא answers a challenge from a ברייתא by explaining that it is talking about שלמים a גוי brought for a Jew's atonement. רבי יוחנן answers a second challenge, from a גוי's מנחה, by showing that the two sources follow a מחלוקת. רבי יוסי הגלילי lets a גוי bring almost any offering except a נזיר's. רבי עקיבא allows only an עולה. The גמרא then shows that sources about a גוי's נסכים can fit either view, because רבי עקיבא's עולה includes everything that goes with it. Finally the גמרא turns to רבי שמעון's rule about a כהן's מנחת חוטא. A ברייתא gives the first reading of the פסוק, and רבי שמעון begins his own reading, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

שַׁלְמֵי הַגּוֹי – עוֹלוֹת,

Peace offerings of a gentile are burnt offerings,

אִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא קְרָא,

If you want, say a verse,

וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא סְבָרָא.

and if you want, say a logical reason.

אִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא סְבָרָא –

If you want, say a logical reason:

The steps (25)

  1. StatementA gentile's peace offerings become burnt offerings
  2. StatementTwo possible sources, starting with logic
  3. StatementThe verse-based source
  4. ChallengeA ברייתא says a gentile's peace offerings are eaten
  5. Resolutionרבא: the ברייתא is about atoning for a Jew
  6. ChallengeA challenge from the meal offering of non-Jews
  7. ResolutionThe two sources follow two different תנאים
  8. ProofThe double word 'איש איש' includes non-Jews
  9. StatementA גוי can bring עולה, שלמים and תודה
  10. StatementA גוי can also bring birds, wine, frankincense and wood
  11. Statementרבי יוסי הגלילי: 'Burnt Offering' Only Excludes a Nazir's Offering
  12. Statementרבי עקיבא: A Gentile Brings Only a Burnt Offering
  13. ChallengeIsn't the Exclusion of Nazirite Already Learned Elsewhere?
  14. ResolutionBoth Sources Are Needed: Not Just the Offering, but Nazirite Status Itself
  15. QuestionWhose View Does the משנה About a Gentile's Libations Follow?
  16. ResponseSuggesting the משנה follows רבי יוסי הגלילי
  17. RejectionIt can fit רבי עקיבא too: an עולה with its accessories
  18. QuestionWho taught the ברייתא about a גוי and נסכים?
  19. ChallengeThe ברייתא seems to fit neither תנא
  20. ResolutionIt can fit either תנא
  21. QuestionWhere does רבי שמעון's rule come from?
  22. ResponseThe ברייתא: the כהן may do the service himself
  23. ChallengeMaybe the verse means a כהן's required מנחה is eaten
  24. ResolutionThe verse compares his required מנחה to his voluntary one
  25. Rejectionרבי שמעון: the verse says "the מנחה," not "his מנחה"