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Menachos 90a

מנחות צ׳ ע״א

Menachot 90a

Learn Menachos 90a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 90a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The אשם מצורע and its נסכים, then the משנה about measuring vessels in the מקדש and whether their overflow is holy

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the reason behind רבי יוחנן's ruling. A burnt offering spoiled for its original purpose can still become a voluntary עולה. There is no voluntary אשם, so an אשם מצורע slaughtered שלא לשמו keeps its identity and still needs נסכים. A ברייתא backs him up. A new משנה then teaches that the measuring vessels in the מקדש were used heaped, except the כהן גדול's. It also teaches that overflow from liquid measures is holy, while overflow from dry measures is not, and רבי עקיבא and רבי יוסי each give a different reason. The גמרא explains that the משנה follows רבי מאיר by reading 'all measures' as 'all measurings.' It then shows that the three views of the overflow rule differ over where each vessel was anointed. When the גמרא asks why overflow becomes holy without intent, רב says כלי שרת make things holy even without intent. רבינא answers instead that it is a rabbinic גזירה, and he defends that answer against רבי זירא's challenge from the לחם הפנים. Finally the גמרא starts defining מותר נסכים from a משנה in שקלים, and that discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

אִי לָא חֲזוּ לְעוֹלַת חוֹבָה

If they are not fit for an obligatory burnt offering

קׇרְבִי לְעוֹלַת נְדָבָה,

they are offered as a voluntary burnt offering,

אֶלָּא הָכָא,

but here,

אִי לָא מוֹקְמֵית לֵיהּ בְּמִילְּתֵיהּ –

if you do not keep it in its original status,

The steps (22)

  1. ResolutionWhy the אשם keeps its original status
  2. ProofA ברייתא supports רבי יוחנן
  3. StatementTemple measures were filled heaped, except the כהן גדול's
  4. StatementOverflow from liquid measures is holy, overflow from dry measures is not
  5. Statementרבי עקיבא: The Vessel's Status Decides
  6. Statementרבי יוסי: Was the Overflow Ever Inside?
  7. ChallengeWhose View Says Every Measure Was Heaped?
  8. Resolutionרב חסדא: 'All Measures' Means 'All Measurings'
  9. QuestionWhat Exactly Do They Disagree About?
  10. ResponseThe first view: liquid measures were anointed inside and outside
  11. Responseרבי עקיבא's view: dry measures were never anointed at all
  12. Responseרבי יוסי's view: both were anointed only inside
  13. ChallengeChallenge: the person only meant to make holy what he needed
  14. ResolutionService vessels make things holy even without intent
  15. ResolutionIntent is needed, but the חכמים made a decree
  16. Challengeרבי זירא quotes the case of the לחם הפנים
  17. ChallengeWhy no decree for the לחם הפנים?
  18. ResolutionInside the היכל is different from outside
  19. StatementA משנה about the leftover libations
  20. QuestionWhat counts as surplus libations?
  21. ResponseFirst answer: the overflow of the measuring vessels
  22. ResponseSecond answer: the flour supplier's fixed price