Pesachim 105a

פסחים ק״ה ע״א

Learn Pesachim 105a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 105a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The form of הבדלה, how שבת sets a meal for קידוש but not for הבדלה, what may be eaten or drunk before הבדלה, and making up a missed קידוש

Overview

The גמרא first defends עולא, who said הבדלה with no closing ברכה. It explains that הבדלה is like a ברכת המצוות: both are pure praise, so neither needs a closing. Next comes a story. The students of רב were eating as שבת began, and רב המנונא סבא told them they did not need to restart their meal, because שבת sets the meal by itself, just as it does for מעשר. רב עמרם adds that this is true for קידוש but not for הבדלה, so a meal may continue after שבת ends. The גמרא then limits this: you may continue a meal but not start one, and you must stop drinking wine or beer, though water is allowed. רב הונא disagrees and is strict even about water, based on a teaching of רבי עקיבא, while the scholars of רב אשי were lenient. Finally, רב נחמן בר יצחק rules that a missed Friday-night קידוש may be made the next day, learning it from a missed הבדלה. רבינא challenges this from a ברייתא and is answered, then begins a second challenge that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (21)

1. ChallengeA challenge to עולא
2. Resolutionהבדלה is like a blessing over a מצוה
3. QuestionWhy do מצוה blessings have no closing?
4. ResponseBecause they are pure praise, and so is הבדלה
5. StatementThe students ask whether to restart their meal for שבת
6. Responseשבת sets the meal by itself
7. Proofרב's rule: שבת sets the meal for מעשר and for קידוש
8. StatementThe students assume the same applies to הבדלה
9. Rejectionרב עמרם: קידוש yes, הבדלה no
10. StatementYou may continue a meal, but not start one
11. StatementContinuing is allowed only for eating, not drinking
12. StatementThe drinking restriction applies to wine and beer, not water
13. Statementרב הונא disagrees and warns a man about drinking water
14. Proofרבי עקיבא: whoever tastes anything before הבדלה
15. Conclusionרב אשי's school was not strict about water
16. QuestionCan a missed Friday-night קידוש be made up the next day?
17. ResponseYes, learned from the rule about a missed הבדלה
18. Challengeרבינא quotes a source about when there is קידוש over a cup
19. ChallengeWhy the source contradicts making up קידוש by day
20. ResolutionThe source does not teach 'what if' cases
21. Challengeרבינא begins a second challenge about honoring the day versus the night